Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
J Atten Disord. 2024 Jan;28(2):211-224. doi: 10.1177/10870547231211022. Epub 2023 Nov 19.
(1) To determine the processing speed (PS) deficit in children with ADHD; and (2) To investigate if PS deficit was the primary cause of daily dysfunction in ADHD by testing the direct and indirect effects via working memory (WM) of PS on math fluency (MF).
Seventy-eight children (52 children with ADHD and 26 controls) were tested on their motor, perceptual, cognitive, and verbal PS, WM, and MF.
Children with ADHD performed worse than controls on all PS, suggesting a general PS deficit. Moreover, cognitive PS was a significant predictor for MF. Mediation analysis showed that cognitive PS had direct and indirect effects via WM on MF, suggesting PS deficit might be the primary cause of MF difficulties in ADHD.
Findings of this study suggested a general PS deficit in ADHD. Due to the importance of PS in MF, interventions for MF underachievers should include assessment and training of PS.
（1）确定 ADHD 儿童的加工速度（PS）缺陷；（2）通过测试 PS 通过工作记忆（WM）对数学流畅性（MF）的直接和间接影响，来研究 PS 缺陷是否是 ADHD 日常功能障碍的主要原因。
对 78 名儿童（52 名 ADHD 儿童和 26 名对照组）进行了运动、知觉、认知和言语 PS、WM 和 MF 的测试。
与对照组相比，ADHD 儿童在所有 PS 上的表现均较差，表明存在一般 PS 缺陷。此外，认知 PS 是 MF 的显著预测因子。中介分析表明，认知 PS 通过 WM 对 MF 具有直接和间接影响，表明 PS 缺陷可能是 ADHD 中 MF 困难的主要原因。
本研究的结果表明 ADHD 存在一般 PS 缺陷。由于 PS 在 MF 中的重要性，MF 表现不佳者的干预措施应包括 PS 的评估和训练。
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