Cardoso Ennya Rafaella Neves, Carvalho Stephani Félix, Dias Sarah Alves, Santos Rayane Almeida, Tavares Mariana Avelar, Neves Lucianne Cardoso, Paula Warley Vieira de Freitas, Pádua Gracielle Teles, de Lima Nicolas Jalowitzki, Paludo Raquel Loren Dos Reis, Silva Isabela Santos, Bittencourt Raphaela Bueno Mendes, Dos Santos Gabriel Cândido, Nascimento Flavia Giovana de Jesus, de Paula Luiza Gabriella Ferreira, Dantas-Torres Filipe, Monteiro Caio Marcio De Oliveira, Krawczak Felipe da Silva
Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias-LADOPAR, Setor de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás-UFG, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil.
Laboratório de Biologia, Ecologia e Controle de Carrapatos-LABEC, Centro de Parasitologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás-UFG, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil.
Pathogens. 2023 Oct 31;12(11):1304. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12111304.
is a relevant tick species from a One Health perspective, playing an important role as a vector of , the main agent of spotted fever rickettsiosis in Brazil. In this study, we evaluated the susceptibility of two populations from Goiás state (midwestern Brazil) to different acaricides. The first tick population (GYN strain) originated from an experimental farm, where the ticks are annually exposed to acaricides. The second (PNE strain) was collected in a national park (Emas National Park), where the ticks had not been exposed to acaricides. Immersion tests were conducted with 21-day-old laboratory-reared larvae and nymphs originating from adult ticks collected in the areas mentioned above. The chosen acaricides were two synthetic pyrethroids (cypermethrin and deltamethrin), one organophosphate (chlorfenvinphos), one formamidine (amitraz), and two combinations of pyrethroids and organophosphates (cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and citronellal; cypermethrin, fenthion and chlorpyrifos). Mortality data were used to determine the lethal concentration (LC) values at which 50%, 90%, and 99% of the ticks died (LC, LC, and LC, respectively), and resistance ratios (RR) were calculated based on the LC values. The RR revealed differences between the acaricide-exposed (GYN) and unexposed (PNE) tick strains. The PNE strain larvae and nymphs were susceptible to all the tested acaricides. The GYN strain larvae were tolerant to cypermethrin, whereas the nymphs were tolerant to deltamethrin, chlorfenvinphos, and the combination of cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, and citronellal (2 < RR ≤ 10). The GYN strain nymphs were resistant to amitraz (RR > 10). This is the first report of nymphs with resistance to amitraz and tolerance to deltamethrin, chlorfenvinphos, and the combination of cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, and citronellal.
从“同一健康”视角来看，是一种相关的蜱虫物种，作为巴西斑点热立克次体病的主要病原体——的传播媒介发挥着重要作用。在本研究中，我们评估了来自巴西中西部戈亚斯州的两个蜱虫种群对不同杀螨剂的敏感性。第一个蜱虫种群（GYN株）源自一个实验农场，那里的蜱虫每年都接触杀螨剂。第二个（PNE株）是在一个国家公园（埃马斯国家公园）采集的，那里的蜱虫未曾接触过杀螨剂。对源自上述地区采集的成年蜱虫所产的21日龄实验室饲养幼虫和若虫进行了浸泡试验。选用的杀螨剂有两种合成拟除虫菊酯（氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯）、一种有机磷酸酯（毒虫畏）、一种甲脒（双甲脒）以及两种拟除虫菊酯与有机磷酸酯的组合（氯氰菊酯、毒死蜱和香茅醛；氯氰菊酯、倍硫磷和毒死蜱）。死亡率数据用于确定50%、90%和99%的蜱虫死亡时的致死浓度（分别为LC₅₀、LC₉₀和LC₉₉）值，并根据LC值计算抗性比率（RR）。RR揭示了接触杀螨剂的（GYN）和未接触杀螨剂的（PNE）蜱虫品系之间的差异。PNE株幼虫和若虫对所有测试的杀螨剂敏感。GYN株幼虫对氯氰菊酯耐受，而若虫对溴氰菊酯、毒虫畏以及氯氰菊酯、毒死蜱和香茅醛的组合耐受（2＜RR≤10）。GYN株若虫对双甲脒具有抗性（RR＞10）。这是关于蜱虫若虫对双甲脒具有抗性以及对溴氰菊酯、毒虫畏和氯氰菊酯、毒死蜱和香茅醛的组合具有耐受性的首次报道。
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