Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany.
J Integr Complement Med. 2024 Jun;30(6):518-531. doi: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0099. Epub 2023 Nov 21.
Several meditation interventions showed positive effects on physical and mental health. The aim of this study is a first evaluation of the (within-group) effects of a 21-day online meditation course of the "expansion method." For this exploratory observational study, parameters were assessed at baseline, at 1 month, and at a 3-month follow-up. Exploratory endpoints were health-related quality of life (PROMIS Preference Score), global health (PROMIS) with the subscales physical and mental health, stress perception (Perceived Stress Scale), positive and negative affect regulation (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule), flourishing (Flourishing Scale), self-efficacy (Short Scale for Measuring General Self-Efficacy Beliefs), gratitude and awe (Gratitude and Awe Questionnaire), resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale), spirituality (Aspects of Spirituality), and mysticism (Mysticism Scale) on validated inventories. In addition, self-constructed questions (NRS) assessed health status, lifestyle, and concept evaluation. Data from 359 participants were included in this study (response rate: 68% at 1 month, 46% at 3 months). The main analysis was based on the complete cases at 1 month ( = 244 participants; 84% female; 51 ± 11 years; 89% German). Medium effect sizes were found for mental health ( < 0.0001; = 0.6), flourishing ( < 0.0001; = 0.63), and negative affect ( < 0.0001; = 0.68) at 1 month. Small effect sizes were obtained for physical health, stress, positive affect, self-efficacy, spirituality, and mysticism at 3 months. In a sensitivity analysis, the strongest effects at 1 month were found in the subgroup that completed per-protocol ( = 140), followed by those with complete data at all time points ( = 159). Effects were lowest in the intention-to-treat analysis ( = 359). The content of the course was positively evaluated by the participants. The online meditation course based on the expansion method had potentially beneficial effects, especially on mental health parameters. Based on the feasibility results, further research using randomized controlled designs is warranted. NCT04950543.
几种冥想干预措施对身心健康都显示出积极的影响。本研究的目的是首次评估为期 21 天的在线“扩展法”冥想课程的（组内）效果。 对于这项探索性观察研究，参数在基线、1 个月和 3 个月随访时进行评估。探索性终点是健康相关生活质量（PROMIS 偏好评分）、全球健康（PROMIS）的生理和心理健康子量表、压力感知（感知压力量表）、正负情绪调节（正性和负性情绪量表）、繁荣（繁荣量表）、自我效能（一般自我效能感量表）、感激和敬畏（感激和敬畏问卷）、韧性（Connor-Davidson 韧性量表）、灵性（灵性维度）和神秘主义（神秘主义量表），均采用经过验证的量表进行评估。此外，还采用自我构建的问题（NRS）评估健康状况、生活方式和概念评估。 本研究共纳入 359 名参与者的数据（1 个月时的应答率为 68%，3 个月时为 46%）。主要分析基于 1 个月时的完整病例（ = 244 名参与者；84%为女性；51±11 岁；89%为德国人）。1 个月时发现心理健康（ < 0.0001； = 0.6）、繁荣（ < 0.0001； = 0.63）和负性情绪（ < 0.0001； = 0.68）有中等效应大小。3 个月时，生理健康、压力、正性情绪、自我效能、灵性和神秘主义的效应较小。在敏感性分析中，在按方案完成（ = 140）的亚组中发现了 1 个月时最强的效应，其次是在所有时间点均完成数据的亚组（ = 159）。意向治疗分析（ = 359）中的效应最低。参与者对课程内容给予了积极评价。 基于扩展法的在线冥想课程可能具有有益的效果，特别是对心理健康参数。基于可行性结果，需要进一步使用随机对照设计进行研究。 NCT04950543。
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