Chen Ying, Zhang Zikai, Cao Chen, Bao Shiji, Wang Shuai, Xu Guangyuan
College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 12300, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Dec 15;13(1):22312. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-41769-z.
Based on the disaster characteristics and the geo-conditions at the scene, in this study, the occurrence mechanism of a serious rock burst accident that occurred in the Tangshan Coal Mine, China, was analysed. Ground stress measurements showed that the mine is in a high ground stress area dominated by horizontal tectonic stress around 33 MPa. Laboratory testing revealed that the coal was a hard seam of 8.3 MPa over bedded by a thick and hard roof stratum with uniaxial compressive strength of 66 MPa. The calculation results indicated that the accident occurred in the roof rebounding area. It is proposed that the hard roof and the hard coal seam formed a seesaw structure around the working face. The vertical pressure relief caused the rib coal mass to lose its clamping forces from the roof and floor and rush into the roadway, resulting in a rock burst accident. Based on the causality mechanism of the rock burst disaster developed in this study, pertinent coal bump prevention measures have been undertaken in practice. Large-diameter boreholes were drilled to eliminate the pivot effect of the seam. Roof blasting was undertaken to prevent the roof from forming a seesaw plank. To summarize, a new causality mechanism for rock burst in coal mines under hard roof and hard seam geo-conditions was developed.
基于灾害特征和现场地质条件，本研究分析了中国唐山煤矿发生的一起严重冲击地压事故的发生机制。地应力测量表明，该矿井处于高地应力区域，水平构造应力为主导，约为33MPa。实验室测试显示，煤层坚硬，抗压强度为8.3MPa，其上覆有厚硬顶板岩层，单轴抗压强度为66MPa。计算结果表明，事故发生在顶板回弹区域。研究认为，硬顶板和硬煤层在工作面周围形成了跷跷板结构。垂直卸压导致煤帮煤体失去来自顶板和底板的夹持力并涌入巷道，从而引发冲击地压事故。基于本研究得出的冲击地压灾害因果机制，在实际中采取了相关的冲击地压防治措施。施工大直径钻孔以消除煤层的支点效应。进行顶板爆破以防止顶板形成跷跷板状。总之，建立了硬顶板和硬煤层地质条件下煤矿冲击地压的新因果机制。
