Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Dec 8;24(24):17264. doi: 10.3390/ijms242417264.
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration in the sinonasal mucosa. Eosinophil and neutrophil extracellular traps (EETs and NETs, respectively) are prominently found in CRS. This study aimed to investigate the effect of airborne fungi, and , on EET and NET formation. Nasal epithelial cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils were isolated from eosinophilic CRS (ECRS), non-ECRS (NECRS), and healthy control. We determined eosinophil and neutrophil transepithelial migration after fungal treatment. We then determined the release of EETs and NETs by fungi using Sytox Green staining and determined the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using ROS inhibitors. We identified more abundant EETs and NETs in ECRS than in NECRS. and enhanced eosinophil and neutrophil transepithelial migration. strongly induced EET and NET formation in CRS and, simultaneously, suppressed fungal metabolic activity. EET formation in CRS is associated with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase and NET formation with NADPH-oxidase and mitochondrial ROS. , but not , induced EET and NET formation, and peripheral blood eosinophils and neutrophils exhibited different immune responses against following the inflammatory status of the host. -induced EET and NET formation plays a crucial role in CRS pathogenesis.
慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）的特征是鼻黏膜中有炎症细胞浸润。嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网（EET 和 NET）分别在 CRS 中大量存在。本研究旨在研究空气传播真菌和对 EET 和 NET 形成的影响。从嗜酸性粒细胞性 CRS（ECRS）、非嗜酸性粒细胞性 CRS（NECRS）和健康对照中分离出鼻上皮细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞。我们在真菌处理后测定嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞跨上皮迁移。然后，我们使用 Sytox Green 染色法确定真菌释放的 EET 和 NET，并使用活性氧（ROS）抑制剂确定 ROS 的作用。我们发现 ECRS 中的 EET 和 NET 比 NECRS 更丰富。和 增强了嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞的跨上皮迁移。在 CRS 中，和强烈诱导 EET 和 NET 的形成，同时抑制真菌的代谢活性。CRS 中的 EET 形成与烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）-氧化酶有关，而 NET 形成与 NADPH-氧化酶和线粒体 ROS 有关。和 诱导 EET 和 NET 的形成，而外周血嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞对宿主炎症状态下的 表现出不同的免疫反应。诱导的 EET 和 NET 的形成在 CRS 的发病机制中起着关键作用。
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