Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia.
Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.
Dokl Biol Sci. 2023 Dec;513(Suppl 1):S14-S18. doi: 10.1134/S0012496623700825. Epub 2024 Jan 7.
The C and N isotope contents in bone collagen were analyzed using bones of the small cave bear Ursus (Spelaearctos) rossicus Borissak, 1930 from localities in the Middle and Southern Urals. The bones date from the last interglacial (MIS 5) and glacial (MIS 3) periods. The bones were from males and females aged 3, 4, and >4 years. Sexual, geographical, and chronological differences in C and N contents were studied. Notable gender, geographic, and chronological differences were observed between samples. In the Middle Urals, females led a more predatory lifestyle than males during the interglacial period, and the trophic niches of males and females converged due to an increase in herbivory during the transition to the glacial period. In the Southern Urals, males led a more predatory lifestyle than in the Middle Urals during the interglacial period. The extent of changes in δC and δN values in the Southern Urals during the transition was found to correspond to differences between trophic levels.
采用中南部乌拉尔地区的小型洞穴熊（Ursus (Spelaearctos) rossicus Borissak，1930）骨骼，分析了骨胶原中的 C 和 N 同位素含量。这些骨骼的年代属于末次间冰期（MIS 5）和冰期（MIS 3）。骨骼来自 3、4 岁和>4 岁的雄性和雌性个体。研究了 C 和 N 含量的性别、地理和时间差异。在中乌拉尔地区，雌性在间冰期的捕食者生活方式比雄性更为明显，而在向冰期过渡期间，由于食草动物的增加，雌雄的营养生态位趋于一致。在南乌拉尔地区，雄性在间冰期的捕食者生活方式比中乌拉尔地区更为明显。在南乌拉尔地区，向冰期过渡期间 δC 和 δN 值的变化程度与营养水平的差异相对应。
