Zhang Junhong, Zhou Chunxiang, Zou Honglei, Li Bin, Yu Bing, He Jun, Zheng Ping, Mao Xiangbing, Yan Hui, Luo Junqiu, Luo Yuheng, Chen Jinyong, Yu Jie
Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Medical School, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou 450009, China.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Dec 27;14(1):101. doi: 10.3390/ani14010101.
This experiment was conducted in weaned piglets to determine the effects of exogenous protease to low soybean meal (SBM) diets on growth performance, diarrhea rate, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal morphology. Seventy-two Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire weaned barrows (21-day-old, 5.88 ± 0.95 kg) were randomly divided into four treatments with six replicates in each following a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of SBM levels (0 to 14 d, 9%, 7.5%; 15 to 42 d, 20%, 18.5%) and protease (0 or 150 mg/kg) for a 42-day trial. Fecal samples were collected on days 11 to 14 and 38 to 42 of the experiment, and serum, intestinal tissue, and chyme samples were taken at the end of the experiments. Adding protease in low SBM diets had a significant increase in ADG ( < 0.05) and a decrease in F/G ( < 0.05). Protease significantly reduced the diarrhea rate ( < 0.05). Low SBM level decreased the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of crude protein (CP) and ash ( < 0.05) but increased the ATTD of dry matter (DM), ash, organic matter (OM), and CP after the addition of protease ( < 0.05). The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of aspartic acid (Asp), threonine (Thr), serine (Ser), alanine (Ala), lysine (Lys), and total amino acids (AAs) were significantly increased by protease supplementation ( < 0.05). Both the SBM-reduced and protease-added diets lead to lower albumin (ALB), albumin/globulin (A/G), and urea nitrogen (UREA) ( < 0.05), but greater globulin (GLOB) with low SBM diets ( < 0.05). The SBM-reduced and protease-added diets decreased the duodenum pH, respectively ( < 0.05). The protease increased the villus:crypt (V:C) in the duodenum and ileum, and ileal villus length ( < 0.05). In conclusion, the dietary supplementation of 150 mg/kg protease improved the intestinal health and performance of the weaned piglets and reversed the negative effect of a 1.5% SBM reduction in nutrient utilization, intestinal pH, and intestinal morphological parameters of weaned piglets.
本试验以断奶仔猪为对象，旨在研究外源蛋白酶对低豆粕日粮断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、养分消化率及肠道形态的影响。选用72头杜洛克×长白×大白断奶公猪（21日龄，体重5.88±0.95 kg），按2×2析因设计随机分为4组，每组6个重复，分别饲喂不同豆粕水平（0至14日龄，9%、7.5%；15至42日龄，20%、18.5%）和蛋白酶水平（0或150 mg/kg）的日粮，试验期42天。试验第11至14天和第38至42天采集粪便样本，试验结束时采集血清、肠道组织和食糜样本。在低豆粕日粮中添加蛋白酶显著提高了平均日增重（P<0.05），降低了料重比（P<0.05）。蛋白酶显著降低了腹泻率（P<0.05）。低豆粕水平降低了粗蛋白（CP）和灰分的表观全肠道消化率（ATTD）（P<0.05），但添加蛋白酶后干物质（DM）、灰分、有机物（OM）和CP的ATTD增加（P<0.05）。添加蛋白酶显著提高了天冬氨酸（Asp）、苏氨酸（Thr）、丝氨酸（Ser）、丙氨酸（Ala）、赖氨酸（Lys）和总氨基酸（AAs）的表观回肠消化率（AID）（P<0.05）。低豆粕日粮和添加蛋白酶的日粮均降低了白蛋白（ALB）、白蛋白/球蛋白（A/G）和尿素氮（UREA）水平（P<0.05），但低豆粕日粮组球蛋白（GLOB）水平较高（P<0.05）。低豆粕日粮和添加蛋白酶的日粮分别降低了十二指肠pH值（P<0.05）。蛋白酶增加了十二指肠和回肠的绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值（V:C）以及回肠绒毛长度（P<0.05）。综上所述，日粮中添加150 mg/kg蛋白酶可改善断奶仔猪的肠道健康和生产性能，扭转了豆粕含量降低1.5%对断奶仔猪养分利用率、肠道pH值和肠道形态参数的负面影响。
