Wei Xiaodong, Zhang Yadong, Song Xuemei, Zhao Ling, Zhao Qingyong, Chen Tao, Lu Kai, Zhu Zhen, Huang Shengdong, Wang Cailin
Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, East China Branch of National Technology Innovation Center for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, Nanjing Branch of China National Center for Rice Improvement, Jiangsu High Quality Rice Research and Development Center, Nanjing 210014, China.
Foods. 2024 Jan 2;13(1):152. doi: 10.3390/foods13010152.
This study examined how silicon and zinc fertilizers affect the quality and aroma of Nanjing 46. We applied nine different fertilizer treatments, one involving soil topdressing at the top fourth leaf-age stage and one involving foliar spraying during the booting stage of the silicon and zinc fertilizers. We tested the effects of the nine treatments on grain quality and aroma. Silicon and zinc fertilizers significantly affected the brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, amylose content, gel consistency, RVA characteristic value, taste value, and aroma but did not affect the chalky grain rate, chalkiness, protein content, rice appearance, hardness, stickiness, balance, peak time, or pasting temperature. Silicon fertilizer decreased the rate of brown rice and milled rice, whereas zinc fertilizer increased the rate of brown rice and milled rice. Silicon and zinc fertilizers improved the head rice rate. Compared to silicon fertilizer, the impact of zinc fertilizer on increasing the head rice rate was more pronounced. Although the effects of silicon and zinc fertilizers on the amylose content and RVA characteristic value varied depending on the treatment, their application could lower the amylose content, increase gel consistency, improve breakdown viscosity, decrease setback viscosity, increase aroma, and improve the taste value of rice.
本研究考察了硅肥和锌肥对南粳46品质和香气的影响。我们采用了九种不同的施肥处理，一种是在倒四叶期进行土壤追肥，另一种是在孕穗期进行硅肥和锌肥的叶面喷施。我们测试了这九种处理对稻米品质和香气的影响。硅肥和锌肥显著影响糙米率、精米率、整精米率、直链淀粉含量、胶稠度、RVA特征值、食味值和香气，但对垩白粒率、垩白度、蛋白质含量、米粒外观、硬度、粘性、平衡度、峰值时间或糊化温度没有影响。硅肥降低了糙米率和精米率，而锌肥提高了糙米率和精米率。硅肥和锌肥提高了整精米率。与硅肥相比，锌肥对提高整精米率的影响更为显著。尽管硅肥和锌肥对直链淀粉含量和RVA特征值的影响因处理而异，但它们的施用可以降低直链淀粉含量，增加胶稠度，提高崩解粘度，降低回生粘度，增加香气，并提高稻米的食味值。
