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哥斯达黎加心脏研究中的饮食归因温室气体排放与急性心肌梗死。

Diet-Attributable Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Acute Myocardial Infarction in Costa Rica Heart Study.

机构信息

Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2023 Dec 30;16(1):138. doi: 10.3390/nu16010138.

Abstract

Adopting sustainable dietary patterns is essential for planetary and human health. As data to address this issue are lacking in Latino populations, this study examined the association between diet-attributable greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) and myocardial infarction (MI) in a Costa Rica Heart Study. This analysis included 1817 cases of a first non-fatal acute MI during hospitalization and their matched population-based controls, by age, sex, and area of residence. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to quantify habitual dietary intake and diet-attributable GHGEs (kg CO equivalent (eq.)/year). Due to the matching design, conditional logistic regression was used. Red meat consumption contributed approximately 50% to the total diet-attributable GHGEs among both cases and controls. Higher diet-attributable GHGEs were associated with increased odds of acute MI. The odds of MI were 63% higher (OR = 1.63; 95% CI 1.20-2.21) among participants in the highest quintile (median diet-attributable GHGEs = 6247 kg CO eq./year) compared to the lowest quintile (median diet-attributable GHGEs = 2065 kg CO eq./year). An increasing linear trend in the odds of acute MI and diet-attributable GHGEs was detected (-trend 0.0012). These findings highlight the importance of reducing red meat consumption to sustainably mitigate the incidence of MI and improve planetary health.

摘要

采用可持续的饮食模式对于地球和人类健康至关重要。由于拉丁裔人群的数据缺乏,本研究旨在哥斯达黎加心脏研究中检验饮食相关温室气体排放(GHGE)与心肌梗死(MI)之间的关联。该分析纳入了 1817 例首次住院的非致命性急性 MI 病例及其基于人群的匹配对照,按年龄、性别和居住地进行匹配。使用经过验证的食物频率问卷来量化习惯性饮食摄入和饮食相关 GHGE(kg CO 当量(eq.)/年)。由于匹配设计,采用条件逻辑回归。在病例组和对照组中,红肉消费约占饮食相关 GHGE 总量的 50%。较高的饮食相关 GHGE 与急性 MI 发病风险增加相关。与最低五分位数(饮食相关 GHGEs 的中位数为 2065 kg CO eq./年)相比,最高五分位数(饮食相关 GHGEs 的中位数为 6247 kg CO eq./年)参与者的 MI 发病风险高 63%(OR=1.63;95%CI 1.20-2.21)。急性 MI 和饮食相关 GHGE 的比值比呈线性递增趋势(-趋势 0.0012)。这些发现强调了减少红肉消费对于可持续减轻 MI 发病率和改善地球健康的重要性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6ab3/10780829/2ab13e33bead/nutrients-16-00138-g001.jpg

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