Allehiany F M, Riaz Arshad, Shoukat Sadia, Alhamzi Ghaliah, Mahmoud Emad E
Mathematics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Mathematics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan.
Heliyon. 2023 Nov 14;9(12):e22255. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22255. eCollection 2023 Dec.
This research explores the three-dimensional characteristics of nanofluid dynamics within curved ducts, in contrast to earlier studies that mainly focus on two-dimensional flow. By using this ground-breaking method, we can capture a more accurate depiction of fluid behavior that complies with the intricate duct design. In this study, we investigate the three dimensional flow and entropic analysis of peristaltic nanofluid flows in a flexible curved duct, comparing the effects of silver and copper nanoparticles. To obtain accurate results, we assume physical constraints such as long wavelength and low Reynolds number and used a perturbation technique through NDSolve commands for finding exact solutions of the obtained differential equations. A comprehensive error analysis is provided through residual error table and figures to estimate a suitable range of the physical factors. Our findings indicate that the velocity of the nanofluid is directly proportional to the elasticity of the walls, while the mass per unit volume inversely affects velocity. We show that reducing the aspect ratio of the duct rectangular section can decrease entropy generation by raising magnitudes of damping force exerted by to the flexible walls of the enclosure. Additionally, using a larger height of the channel than the breadth can reduce stream boluses. The practical implications of this study extend beyond turbines and endoscopy to biomedical processes such as drug delivery and microfluidic systems.
本研究探索了弯曲管道内纳米流体动力学的三维特性，这与早期主要关注二维流动的研究形成对比。通过使用这种开创性的方法，我们能够更准确地描绘符合复杂管道设计的流体行为。在本研究中，我们研究了柔性弯曲管道中蠕动纳米流体流动的三维流动和熵分析，比较了银纳米颗粒和铜纳米颗粒的影响。为了获得准确的结果，我们假设了诸如长波长和低雷诺数等物理约束条件，并通过NDSolve命令使用微扰技术来求解所得微分方程的精确解。通过残差误差表和图表进行了全面的误差分析，以估计物理因素的合适范围。我们的研究结果表明，纳米流体的速度与壁的弹性成正比，而单位体积质量对速度有反比影响。我们表明，减小管道矩形截面的纵横比可以通过提高外壳柔性壁施加的阻尼力的大小来减少熵产生。此外，使用比宽度更大的通道高度可以减少流团。本研究的实际意义不仅限于涡轮机和内窥镜检查，还扩展到生物医学过程，如药物输送和微流体系统。
