Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2024 Jan 18;81(1):44. doi: 10.1007/s00018-023-05058-2.
The platelet receptors, glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and integrin α2β1 jointly control collagen-dependent thrombus formation via protein tyrosine kinases. It is unresolved to which extent the ITIM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif) receptor PECAM1 and its downstream acting protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN11 interfere in this process. Here, we hypothesized that integrin α2β1 has a co-regulatory role in the PECAM1- and PTPN11-dependent restraint of thrombus formation. We investigated platelet activation under flow on collagens with a different GPVI dependency and using integrin α2β1 blockage. Blood was obtained from healthy subjects and from patients with Noonan syndrome with a gain-of-function mutation of PTPN11 and variable bleeding phenotype. On collagens with decreasing GPVI activity (types I, III, IV), the surface-dependent inhibition of PECAM1 did not alter thrombus parameters using control blood. Blockage of α2β1 generally reduced thrombus parameters, most effectively on collagen IV. Strikingly, simultaneous inhibition of PECAM1 and α2β1 led to a restoration of thrombus formation, indicating that the suppressing signaling effect of PECAM1 is masked by the platelet-adhesive receptor α2β1. Blood from 4 out of 6 Noonan patients showed subnormal thrombus formation on collagen IV. In these patients, effects of α2β1 blockage were counterbalanced by PECAM1 inhibition to a normal phenotype. In summary, we conclude that the suppression of GPVI-dependent thrombus formation by either PECAM1 or a gain-of-function of PTPN11 can be overruled by α2β1 engagement.
血小板受体糖蛋白 VI(GPVI)和整合素 α2β1 通过蛋白酪氨酸激酶共同控制胶原依赖性血栓形成。尚未确定免疫受体酪氨酸基抑制基序(ITIM)受体 PECAM1 及其下游作用蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶 PTPN11 在多大程度上干扰这一过程。在这里,我们假设整合素 α2β1 在 PECAM1 和 PTPN11 依赖性对血栓形成的抑制中具有共同调节作用。我们在不同 GPVI 依赖性胶原上研究了血小板在流动条件下的激活,并使用整合素 α2β1 阻断。从健康受试者和具有 PTPN11 功能获得性突变和可变出血表型的 Noonan 综合征患者中获得血液。在 GPVI 活性降低的胶原(类型 I、III、IV)上,使用对照血液,PECAM1 的表面依赖性抑制不会改变血栓参数。通常,α2β1 的阻断会降低血栓参数,在胶原 IV 上的效果最明显。引人注目的是,同时抑制 PECAM1 和 α2β1 导致血栓形成的恢复,表明 PECAM1 的抑制信号作用被血小板黏附受体 α2β1 掩盖。6 名 Noonan 患者中的 4 名患者的胶原 IV 上表现出亚正常的血栓形成。在这些患者中,α2β1 阻断的作用被 PECAM1 抑制平衡到正常表型。总之,我们得出结论,PECAM1 或 PTPN11 的功能获得性均可抑制 GPVI 依赖性血栓形成,而 α2β1 的参与可以推翻这种抑制作用。
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