公众对肠易激综合征的认知和信念——来自 SOMA.SOC 研究的结果。
Public knowledge and beliefs about the irritable bowel syndrome - results from the SOMA.SOC study.
机构信息
Institute of Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinstr.52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, UKE, Hamburg, Germany.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2024 Jan 18;24(1):219. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-17784-8.
BACKGROUND
Despite the epidemiological and economic relevance of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), there is a lack of research on what the general public knows and thinks about this condition (IBS literacy). Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore public knowledge and beliefs about IBS in Germany. Moreover, associations of knowledge and beliefs about IBS with socio-demographic characteristics as well as illness and treatment experiences were analysed.
METHODS
Analyses made use of a national telephone survey (N = 1,205). A carefully developed vignette describing a person with typical symptoms of IBS was presented. Respondents were then asked to name the disease in question and beliefs about causes and treatment options were assessed. For the analyses respondents were divided into three groups: (1) people who never had IBS symptoms, (2) people who had or have IBS symptoms but never were in treatment and (3) individuals who reported to be or have been treated for IBS symptoms.
RESULTS
Less than 4% of the respondents recognized IBS after presentation of the vignette. About 75% positively evaluated treatability while psychotherapy was evaluated more effective than medication. Stress and unhealthy lifestyle were the most frequently endorsed possible causes of the presented IBS symptoms. There were variations in knowledge and beliefs about IBS according to age, gender, and education. We found minor differences in beliefs and knowledge between individuals who had or have symptoms but never were in treatment and those without respective illness experience. Respondents with illness/treatment experiences rated their knowledge significantly better than those without any experiences.
CONCLUSIONS
Results indicate low levels of public knowledge about IBS regarding illness recognition in Germany. A majority disagreed that they have good knowledge about IBS symptoms. Against this background, it seems reasonable to develop and test interventions to improve IBS literacy by increasing knowledge about symptoms, causes and treatment options.
背景
尽管肠易激综合征（IBS）在流行病学和经济学方面具有重要意义，但对于公众对这种疾病（IBS 知识）的了解和看法却缺乏研究。因此，本研究旨在探讨德国公众对 IBS 的了解和看法。此外，还分析了对 IBS 的了解和看法与社会人口特征以及疾病和治疗经历的关系。
方法
分析利用了一项全国性电话调查（N=1205）。精心设计的描述了一个具有典型 IBS 症状的人的案例被呈现出来。然后要求受访者说出问题疾病的名称，并评估他们对病因和治疗选择的看法。为了进行分析，受访者被分为三组：（1）从未有过 IBS 症状的人，（2）有或曾经有过 IBS 症状但从未接受过治疗的人，（3）报告或曾经接受过 IBS 症状治疗的人。
结果
在呈现案例后，不到 4%的受访者能识别出 IBS。约 75%的人对可治疗性持积极评价，而心理治疗被认为比药物治疗更有效。压力和不健康的生活方式是最常被认为是呈现出的 IBS 症状的可能原因。根据年龄、性别和教育程度的不同，对 IBS 的了解和看法存在差异。我们发现，有或曾经有过症状但从未接受过治疗的人与没有相应疾病经历的人之间，在信念和知识方面存在细微差异。有疾病/治疗经历的受访者对自己的知识评价明显好于没有任何经历的受访者。
结论
研究结果表明，德国公众对 IBS 的了解程度较低，在疾病识别方面认识不足。大多数人不同意他们对 IBS 症状有很好的了解。在此背景下，通过增加对症状、病因和治疗选择的了解，开发和测试提高 IBS 知识水平的干预措施似乎是合理的。
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