Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Talbot 3-East, Boston, MA 02118-2526, USA.
Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, T2, Stockholm 17176, Sweden.
Clin Chest Med. 2024 Mar;45(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2023.06.004. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
Sarcoidosis is a systemic, granulomatous disease with variable presentation earning it the term "the great mimicker." The current epidemiology confirms that the disease occurs worldwide, affecting both sexes, and all races, ethnicities, and ages. To date, no causal exposure or agent has been identified. The organ systems most frequently affected by sarcoidosis are also those with greatest exposure to the natural world suggesting environmental and lifestyle contributions to the disease. These include particulate matter, microorganisms, nicotine, and obesity. In this article, we review the epidemiology of sarcoidosis and discuss these non-genetic risk factors in the hope of providing important insight into sarcoidosis and stimulating future research.
结节病是一种系统性肉芽肿性疾病，其临床表现多种多样，因此得名“模仿大师”。目前的流行病学证实，这种疾病在全球范围内发生，影响所有性别、种族、民族和年龄。迄今为止，尚未确定病因暴露或病原体。结节病最常累及的器官系统也是与自然环境接触最多的系统，这表明环境和生活方式对该疾病有一定的影响。这些因素包括颗粒物、微生物、尼古丁和肥胖。在本文中，我们回顾了结节病的流行病学，并讨论了这些非遗传危险因素，希望能为结节病提供重要的见解，并激发未来的研究。
