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视网膜母细胞瘤基因功能丧失影响成骨细胞中的间隙连接细胞间通讯和细胞命运。

Loss of Function of the Retinoblastoma Gene Affects Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication and Cell Fate in Osteoblasts.

作者信息

Pendleton Elisha, Ketner Anthony, Ransick Phil, Ardekani Doug, Bodenstine Thomas, Chandar Nalini

机构信息

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.

Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.

出版信息

Biology (Basel). 2024 Jan 11;13(1):39. doi: 10.3390/biology13010039.

Abstract

Loss of function of the Retinoblastoma gene (RB1) due to mutations is commonly seen in human osteosarcomas. One of the Rb1 gene functions is to facilitate cell fate from mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts and prevent adipocyte differentiations. In this study, we demonstrate that a stable reduction of Rb1 expression (RbKD) in murine osteoblasts causes them to express higher levels of PPAR-ɣ and other adipocyte-specific transcription factors while retaining high expression of osteoblast-specific transcription factors, Runx2/Cbfa1 and SP7/Osterix. Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in osteoblasts is another mechanism that causes osteoblasts to transdifferentiate to adipocytes. We found that preosteoblasts exposed to osteoblast differentiating media (DP media) increased GJIC. RbKD cells showed reduced GJIC along with a reduction in expression of Cx43, the protein that mediates GJIC. Other membrane associated adhesion protein Cadherin 11 (Cad11) was also decreased. Since PPAR-ɣ is increased with Rb1 loss, we wondered if the reduction of this transcription factor would reverse the changes observed. Reduction of PPAR-ɣ in control osteoblasts slightly increased bone-specific expression and reduced adipocytic expression as expected along with an increase in Cad11 and Cx43 expression. GJIC remained high and was unaffected by a reduction in PPAR-ɣ in control cells. Knockdown of PPAR-ɣ in RbKD cells reduced adipocyte gene expression, while osteoblast-specific expression showed improvement. Cx43, Cad11 and GJIC remained unaffected by PPAR-ɣ reduction. Our observations suggest that increased PPAR-ɣ that happens with Rb1 loss only affects osteoblast-adipocyte-specific gene expression but does not completely reverse Cx43 gene expression or GJIC. Therefore, these effects may represent independent events triggered by Rb1loss and/or the differentiation process.

摘要

由于突变导致的视网膜母细胞瘤基因(RB1)功能丧失在人类骨肉瘤中很常见。Rb1基因的功能之一是促进间充质干细胞向成骨细胞的细胞命运转变,并防止脂肪细胞分化。在本研究中,我们证明小鼠成骨细胞中Rb1表达的稳定降低(RbKD)会导致它们表达更高水平的PPAR-ɣ和其他脂肪细胞特异性转录因子,同时保持成骨细胞特异性转录因子Runx2/Cbfa1和SP7/Osterix的高表达。成骨细胞中缝隙连接细胞间通讯(GJIC)的抑制是另一种导致成骨细胞转分化为脂肪细胞的机制。我们发现暴露于成骨细胞分化培养基(DP培养基)的前成骨细胞增加了GJIC。RbKD细胞显示GJIC降低,同时介导GJIC的蛋白质Cx43的表达也降低。其他膜相关粘附蛋白钙粘蛋白11(Cad11)也减少。由于PPAR-ɣ随着Rb1的缺失而增加,我们想知道这种转录因子的减少是否会逆转观察到的变化。在对照成骨细胞中降低PPAR-ɣ如预期的那样略微增加了骨特异性表达并降低了脂肪细胞表达,同时Cad11和Cx43表达增加。GJIC仍然很高,并且不受对照细胞中PPAR-ɣ降低的影响。在RbKD细胞中敲低PPAR-ɣ降低了脂肪细胞基因表达,而成骨细胞特异性表达有所改善。Cx43、Cad11和GJIC不受PPAR-ɣ降低的影响。我们的观察结果表明,Rb1缺失时发生的PPAR-ɣ增加仅影响成骨细胞-脂肪细胞特异性基因表达,但不会完全逆转Cx43基因表达或GJIC。因此,这些效应可能代表由Rb1缺失和/或分化过程触发的独立事件。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5a00/10813623/e5c2cac1fabd/biology-13-00039-g001a.jpg

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