College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410127, China.
Yuelu Mountain Laboratory, Hunan Agricultural University Area, Changsha, 410000, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Feb;31(10):14388-14405. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-32072-z. Epub 2024 Jan 30.
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a pivotal component of the biogeochemical cycles and can combine with metal ions through chelation or complexation. Understanding this process is crucial for tracing metal solubility, mobility, and bioavailability. Fluorescence excitation emission matrix (EEM) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) has emerged as a popular tool in deciphering DOM-metal interactions. In this review, we primarily discuss the advantages of EEM-PARAFAC compared with other algorithms and its main limitations in studying DOM-metal binding, including restrictions in spectral considerations, mathematical assumptions, and experimental procedures, as well as how to overcome these constraints and shortcomings. We summarize the principles of EEM to uncover DOM-metal association, including why fluorescence gets quenched and some potential mechanisms that affect the accuracy of fluorescence quenching. Lastly, we review some significant and innovative research, including the application of 2D-COS in DOM-metal binding analysis, hoping to provide a fresh perspective for possible future hotspots of study. We argue the expansion of EEM applications to a broader range of areas related to natural organic matter. This extension would facilitate our exploration of the mobility and fate of metals in the environment.
溶解有机物质 (DOM) 是生物地球化学循环的关键组成部分，可通过螯合或络合与金属离子结合。了解这一过程对于追踪金属的溶解度、迁移性和生物利用度至关重要。荧光激发发射矩阵 (EEM) 和并行因子分析 (PARAFAC) 已成为解析 DOM-金属相互作用的流行工具。在本综述中，我们主要讨论了 EEM-PARAFAC 与其他算法相比的优势，以及其在研究 DOM-金属结合方面的主要局限性，包括在光谱考虑、数学假设和实验程序方面的限制，以及如何克服这些限制和缺点。我们总结了 EEM 的原理以揭示 DOM-金属的关联，包括荧光为什么会猝灭以及一些影响荧光猝灭准确性的潜在机制。最后，我们回顾了一些重要的创新研究，包括二维相关光谱 (2D-COS) 在 DOM-金属结合分析中的应用，希望为未来可能的研究热点提供新的视角。我们主张将 EEM 的应用扩展到与天然有机物相关的更广泛领域。这将有助于我们探索金属在环境中的迁移性和归宿。
