Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, (M.P), -470003, India.
Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad (A Central University), Prayagraj, (UP), -211002, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Feb;31(10):14367-14387. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-32159-7. Epub 2024 Jan 30.
Organophosphates are the most extensively used class of pesticides to deal with increasing pest diversity and produce more on limited terrestrial areas to feed the ever-expanding global population. Profenofos, an organophosphate group of non-systematic insecticides and acaricides, is used to combat aphids, cotton bollworms, tobacco budworms, beet armyworms, spider mites, and lygus bugs. Profenofos was inducted into the system as a replacement for chlorpyrifos due to its lower toxicity and half-life. It has become a significant environmental concern due to its widespread presence. It accumulates in various environmental components, contaminating food, water, and air. As a neurotoxic poison, it inhibits acetylcholinesterase receptor activity, leading to dizziness, paralysis, and pest death. It also affects other eukaryotes, such as pollinators, birds, mammals, and invertebrates, affecting ecosystem functioning. Microbes directly expose themselves to profenofos and adapt to these toxic compounds over time. Microbes use these toxic compounds as carbon and energy sources and it is a sustainable and economical method to eliminate profenofos from the environment. This article explores the studies and developments in the bioremediation of profenofos, its impact on plants, pollinators, and humans, and the policies and laws related to pesticide regulation. The goal is to raise awareness about the global threat of profenofos and the role of policymakers in managing pesticide mismanagement.
有机磷化合物是目前使用最广泛的杀虫剂类别，旨在应对日益增加的害虫多样性，并在有限的陆地区域生产更多的作物，以养活不断增长的全球人口。丙溴磷是一种有机磷非系统性杀虫剂和杀螨剂，用于防治蚜虫、棉铃虫、烟草夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾、叶螨和盲蝽。由于丙溴磷毒性较低、半衰期较短，因此被引入系统以替代毒死蜱。由于其广泛存在，它已成为一个重大的环境问题。它会在各种环境成分中积累，污染食物、水和空气。作为一种神经毒性毒物，它会抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶受体的活性，导致头晕、瘫痪和害虫死亡。它还会影响其他真核生物，如传粉者、鸟类、哺乳动物和无脊椎动物，从而影响生态系统的功能。微生物会直接接触到丙溴磷，并随着时间的推移适应这些有毒化合物。微生物将这些有毒化合物用作碳和能源来源，因此，从环境中消除丙溴磷是一种可持续且经济的方法。本文探讨了丙溴磷的生物修复研究和发展，以及它对植物、传粉者和人类的影响，以及与农药监管相关的政策和法律。目的是提高人们对丙溴磷的全球威胁以及政策制定者在管理农药管理不善方面的作用的认识。
