Behrsing Thomas, Blair Victoria L, Jaroschik Florian, Deacon Glen B, Junk Peter C
School of Chemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090 Montpellier, France.
Molecules. 2024 Feb 1;29(3):688. doi: 10.3390/molecules29030688.
Rare earths, scandium, yttrium, and the fifteen lanthanoids from lanthanum to lutetium, are classified as critical metals because of their ubiquity in daily life. They are present in magnets in cars, especially electric cars; green electricity generating systems and computers; in steel manufacturing; in glass and light emission materials especially for safety lighting and lasers; in exhaust emission catalysts and supports; catalysts in artificial rubber production; in agriculture and animal husbandry; in health and especially cancer diagnosis and treatment; and in a variety of materials and electronic products essential to modern living. They have the potential to replace toxic chromates for corrosion inhibition, in magnetic refrigeration, a variety of new materials, and their role in agriculture may expand. This review examines their role in sustainability, the environment, recycling, corrosion inhibition, crop production, animal feedstocks, catalysis, health, and materials, as well as considering future uses.
稀土元素、钪、钇以及从镧到镥的十五种镧系元素，因其在日常生活中的广泛存在而被归类为关键金属。它们存在于汽车的磁铁中，尤其是电动汽车；绿色发电系统和计算机；钢铁制造；玻璃和发光材料中，特别是用于安全照明和激光的材料；废气排放催化剂及载体；人造橡胶生产中的催化剂；农业和畜牧业；健康领域，尤其是癌症诊断和治疗；以及现代生活所必需的各种材料和电子产品中。它们有可能替代有毒的铬酸盐用于缓蚀、磁制冷、各种新材料，并且它们在农业中的作用可能会扩大。本综述考察了它们在可持续性、环境、回收利用、缓蚀、作物生产、动物饲料、催化、健康和材料方面的作用，并考虑了未来的用途。
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