Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Canada.
Disabil Rehabil. 2024 Dec;46(24):5761-5770. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2313127. Epub 2024 Feb 10.
Older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) experience cognitive difficulties without objectively measurable cognitive impairments but which may affect their everyday functioning. However, everyday functioning in this population has not yet been characterized. We sought to describe the empirical literature on the everyday functioning of community-dwelling older adults with SCD, their recruitment methods, and the measurements used.
A scoping review was conducted for primary research articles including at least one measure of everyday functioning. Retrieved records were independently screened. Data were extracted then analyzed using descriptive statistics and summative content analysis.
6544 studies were screened; 21 studies were included. All were observational analytic studies. Most compared an SCD group with a group of healthy control (47.6%), mild cognitive impairment (71.5%), and/or dementia (33.3%). Subjective cognition was measured via interview (28.6%) or clinical question(s) (14.3%). Normal cognition was determined by a wide variety of cognitive tests. The most studied everyday functioning domain was instrumental activities of daily living (90.5%). Most studies used questionnaires (81.0%), and measured ability to do an everyday life task (76.2%).
More research is needed on everyday functioning other than IADL, with greater focus on measures that consider an individual's real-life participation.
有主观认知下降（SCD）的老年人会经历认知困难，但没有可客观衡量的认知障碍，这可能会影响他们的日常生活功能。然而，该人群的日常生活功能尚未得到明确描述。我们旨在描述社区居住的 SCD 老年人的日常生活功能的实证文献，包括他们的招募方法和使用的测量方法。
对包括至少一项日常生活功能测量的原始研究文章进行了范围综述。独立筛选了检索到的记录。使用描述性统计和总结性内容分析提取和分析数据。
筛选了 6544 项研究，纳入了 21 项研究。所有研究都是观察性分析研究。大多数研究将 SCD 组与健康对照组（47.6%）、轻度认知障碍组（71.5%）和/或痴呆症组（33.3%）进行了比较。主观认知通过访谈（28.6%）或临床问题（14.3%）进行测量。正常认知通过各种认知测试来确定。研究最多的日常生活功能领域是工具性日常生活活动（90.5%）。大多数研究使用问卷（81.0%），并测量完成日常生活任务的能力（76.2%）。
需要对日常生活功能进行更多的研究，而不仅仅是 IADL，需要更加关注考虑个体实际生活参与的测量方法。
