Oh Miju, Ban Jiyoung, Lee Yooyoung, Lee Minju, Kim Sojin, Kim Uhjin, Park Jiwoon, Han Jaepung, Chang Jinhwa, Kim Byungjin, Yun Hyeongrok, Lee Namsoon, Chang Dongwoo
Section of Veterinary Imaging, Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Korea Animal Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Jan 30;10:1280028. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1280028. eCollection 2023.
Transarterial embolization (TAE) is one of the treatment options for liver masses that are not suitable for surgery and they have been applied in veterinary medicine for about 20 years, but surgical resection is considered as the first treatment option, and only a few case reports and articles about TAE in dogs have been published. Although understanding of vascular anatomy for the procedure is important, previous studies lack of the information about hepatic artery anatomy in small and toy-breed dogs. Due to the introduction of 3D print in veterinary medicine, it is now possible to make 3D models for preoperative planning. The purpose of this study is to understand the hepatic arterial vascular structure of various sizes and breeds of dogs, and to develop 3D-printed canine artery models with and without hepatic tumors to simulate TAE procedure.
CT images of a total of 84 dogs with normal hepatic arteries were analyzed, and the mean value and standard deviation of body weight, celiac artery size, and hepatic artery size were 6.47 ± 4.44 kg, 3.28 ± 0.77 mm, and 2.14 ± 0.43 mm, respectively.
It was established that type 2-2-1, which has two separate hepatic branches-the right medial and left branch and the right lateral branch that runs to the right lateral lobe and caudate process-is the most prevalent of the hepatic artery branch types, as it was in the previous study. The review of 65 CT images of dogs with hepatic tumors showed that 44.6% (29/65) had multifocal lesions in multiple lobes, for which TAE can be recommended.
Based on the result, a 3D model of the normal canine hepatic artery and the hepatic tumor was made using one representative case from each group, and despite the models having some limitations in reflecting the exact tactile and velocity of blood vessels, TAE procedure was successfully simulated using both models.
经动脉栓塞术（TAE）是不适于手术的肝脏肿块的治疗选择之一，已在兽医学中应用约20年，但手术切除仍被视为首选治疗方法，仅有少数关于犬TAE的病例报告和文章发表。尽管了解该手术的血管解剖结构很重要，但先前的研究缺乏小型和玩具型犬肝动脉解剖的相关信息。由于3D打印技术引入兽医学，现在可以制作用于术前规划的3D模型。本研究的目的是了解不同大小和品种犬的肝动脉血管结构，并制作有和没有肝肿瘤的3D打印犬动脉模型以模拟TAE手术。
分析了总共84只肝动脉正常犬的CT图像，体重、腹腔动脉大小和肝动脉大小的平均值及标准差分别为6.47±4.44kg、3.28±0.77mm和2.14±0.43mm。
与先前研究一样，已确定2-2-1型是肝动脉分支类型中最常见的，即有两个独立的肝分支——右内侧和左分支以及通向右外侧叶和尾状突的右外侧分支。对65只患有肝肿瘤犬的CT图像回顾显示，44.6%（29/65）有多叶多灶性病变，对此可推荐TAE。
基于该结果，使用每组中的一个代表性病例制作了正常犬肝动脉和肝肿瘤的3D模型，尽管这些模型在反映血管的确切触感和血流速度方面存在一些局限性，但使用这两个模型均成功模拟了TAE手术。
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