Rao Yi, Yang Nan, Gao Tianyu, Zhang Si, Shi Haitao, Lu Yiqun, Ren Shuang, Huang Hongshi
Department of Rehabilitation, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
Front Neurol. 2024 Feb 1;14:1269061. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1269061. eCollection 2023.
Ankle dorsiflexion during walking causes the tibia to roll forward relative to the foot to achieve body forward. Individuals with ankle dorsiflexion restriction may present altered movement patterns and cause a series of dysfunction. Therefore, the aim of this research was to clearly determine the effects of peak ankle dorsiflexion angle on lower extremity biomechanics and pelvic motion during walking and jogging.
This study involved 51 subjects tested for both walking and jogging. The motion capture system and force measuring platforms were used to synchronously collect kinematics and kinetics parameters during these activities. Based on the peak ankle dorsiflexion angle during walking, the 51 subjects were divided into a restricted group (RADF group, angle <10°) and an ankle dorsiflexion-unrestricted group (un-RADF group, angle >10°). Independent-Sample -tests were performed to compare the pelvic and lower limb biomechanics parameters between the groups during walking and jogging test on this cross-sectional study.
The parameters that were significantly smaller in the RADF group than in the un-RADF group at the moment of peak ankle dorsiflexion in the walking test were: ankle plantar flexion moment ( < 0.05), hip extension angle ( < 0.05), internal ground reaction force ( < 0.05), anterior ground reaction force ( < 0.01), pelvic ipsilateral tilt angle ( < 0.05). In contrast, the external knee rotation angle was significantly greater in the RADF group than in the un-RADF group ( < 0.05). The parameters that were significantly smaller in the RADF group than in the un-RADF group at the moment of peak ankle dorsiflexion in the jogging test were: peak ankle dorsiflexion angle ( < 0.01); the anterior ground reaction force ( < 0.01), the angle of pelvic ipsilateral rotation ( < 0.05).
This study shows that individuals with limited ankle dorsiflexion experience varying degrees of altered kinematics and dynamics in the pelvis, hip, knee, and foot during walking and jogging. Limited ankle dorsiflexion alters the movement pattern of the lower extremity during walking and jogging, diminishing the body's ability to propel forward, which may lead to higher injury risks.
行走过程中踝关节背屈会使胫骨相对于足部向前滚动以实现身体向前移动。踝关节背屈受限的个体可能会出现运动模式改变并引发一系列功能障碍。因此，本研究的目的是明确踝关节背屈峰值角度对行走和慢跑过程中下肢生物力学及骨盆运动的影响。
本研究纳入了51名受试者，对其行走和慢跑进行测试。在这些活动期间，使用运动捕捉系统和测力平台同步收集运动学和动力学参数。根据行走过程中踝关节背屈峰值角度，将51名受试者分为受限组（RADF组，角度<10°）和踝关节背屈不受限组（非RADF组，角度>10°）。在这项横断面研究的行走和慢跑测试中，进行独立样本t检验以比较两组之间的骨盆和下肢生物力学参数。
在行走测试中踝关节背屈峰值时刻，RADF组显著小于非RADF组的参数有：踝关节跖屈力矩（<0.05）、髋关节伸展角度（<0.05）、内向地面反作用力（<0.05）、向前地面反作用力（<0.01）、骨盆同侧倾斜角度（<0.05）。相比之下，RADF组的膝关节外旋角度显著大于非RADF组（<0.05）。在慢跑测试中踝关节背屈峰值时刻，RADF组显著小于非RADF组的参数有：踝关节背屈峰值角度（<0.01）；向前地面反作用力（<0.01）、骨盆同侧旋转角度（<0.05）。
本研究表明，踝关节背屈受限的个体在行走和慢跑过程中，骨盆、髋关节、膝关节和足部会经历不同程度的运动学和动力学改变。踝关节背屈受限会改变行走和慢跑过程中下肢的运动模式，削弱身体向前推进的能力，这可能导致更高的受伤风险。
