State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Apr 1;346:123546. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123546. Epub 2024 Feb 16.
The widespread presence of microplastics (MPs) contamination in drinking water has raised concerns regarding water safety and public health. In this study, a micro-Raman spectrometer was used to trace the occurrence of MP transport from a water source to a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP)1 with an advanced treatment process and DWTP2 with a conventional treatment process and the contributions of different processes to the risk reduction of MPs were explored. Six types of MPs were detected: polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyamide, and polyvinyl chloride. 2-5 μm (35.8-41.2%) and polyethylene terephthalate (27.1-29.9%) were the most frequently detected MP sizes and types of water source samples, respectively. The abundance of MPs in treated water decreased by 72.7-83.0% compared to raw water. Ozonation and granular activated carbon (52.7%), and sand filtration (47.5%) were the most effective processes for removing MPs from DWTP1 and DWTP2, respectively. Both DWTPs showed significant removal effects on polyethylene terephthalate, with 80.0-88.1% removal rates. The concentrations of polystyrene increase by 30.0-53.4% after chlorination. The dominant components in the treated water of DWTP1 and DWTP2 were polypropylene (24.7%) and polyethylene 27.7%, respectively, and MPs of 2-5 μm had the highest proportion (55.3-64.3%). Pollution load index and potential ecological risk index of raw water treated by DWTPs were reduced by 48.0-58.7% and 94.5-94.7%, respectively. The estimated daily intake of MPs in treated water for infants was 45.5-75.0 items/kg/d, respectively, approximately twice that of adults. This study contributes to the knowledge gap regarding MP pollution in drinking water systems.
微塑料（MPs）在饮用水中的广泛存在引起了人们对水安全和公众健康的关注。在这项研究中，使用微拉曼光谱仪追踪了从水源到具有先进处理工艺的饮用水处理厂（DWTP1）和具有常规处理工艺的 DWTP2 的 MPs 迁移过程，并探讨了不同工艺对 MPs 风险降低的贡献。共检测到 6 种 MPs：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚酰胺和聚氯乙烯。2-5 μm（35.8-41.2%）和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（27.1-29.9%）是水源样品中最常检测到的 MPs 尺寸和类型。与原水相比，处理水中的 MPs 丰度降低了 72.7-83.0%。臭氧氧化和颗粒活性炭（52.7%）以及砂滤（47.5%）是 DWTP1 和 DWTP2 去除 MPs 最有效的工艺。两个 DWTP 对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯均表现出显著的去除效果，去除率分别为 80.0-88.1%。氯化后聚苯乙烯的浓度增加了 30.0-53.4%。DWTP1 和 DWTP2 处理水中的主要成分分别为聚丙烯（24.7%）和聚乙烯（27.7%），2-5 μm 的 MPs 比例最高（55.3-64.3%）。经过 DWTP 处理后的原水的污染负荷指数和潜在生态风险指数分别降低了 48.0-58.7%和 94.5-94.7%。婴儿从处理水中摄入的 MPs 估计日摄入量分别为 45.5-75.0 项/kg/d，约为成人的两倍。本研究有助于填补饮用水系统中 MPs 污染知识空白。
