Stonehouse Joanne C, Spurgin Lewis G, Laine Veronika N, Bosse Mirte, Groenen Martien A M, van Oers Kees, Sheldon Ben C, Visser Marcel E, Slate Jon
School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
Evol Lett. 2023 Oct 12;8(1):18-28. doi: 10.1093/evlett/qrad043. eCollection 2024 Feb.
The recognition that climate change is occurring at an unprecedented rate means that there is increased urgency in understanding how organisms can adapt to a changing environment. Wild great tit () populations represent an attractive ecological model system to understand the genomics of climate adaptation. They are widely distributed across Eurasia and they have been documented to respond to climate change. We performed a Bayesian genome-environment analysis, by combining local climate data with single nucleotide polymorphisms genotype data from 20 European populations (broadly spanning the species' continental range). We found 36 genes putatively linked to adaptation to climate. Following an enrichment analysis of biological process Gene Ontology (GO) terms, we identified over-represented terms and pathways among the candidate genes. Because many different genes and GO terms are associated with climate variables, it seems likely that climate adaptation is polygenic and genetically complex. Our findings also suggest that geographical climate adaptation has been occurring since great tits left their Southern European refugia at the end of the last ice age. Finally, we show that substantial climate-associated genetic variation remains, which will be essential for adaptation to future changes.
认识到气候变化正以前所未有的速度发生，这意味着在理解生物体如何适应不断变化的环境方面，紧迫性日益增加。野生大山雀（）种群是理解气候适应基因组学的一个有吸引力的生态模型系统。它们广泛分布于欧亚大陆，并且已有记录表明它们对气候变化有响应。我们通过将当地气候数据与来自20个欧洲种群（大致涵盖该物种的大陆分布范围）的单核苷酸多态性基因型数据相结合，进行了贝叶斯基因组 - 环境分析。我们发现36个基因可能与气候适应相关。在对生物过程基因本体（GO）术语进行富集分析后，我们在候选基因中确定了过度富集的术语和途径。由于许多不同的基因和GO术语与气候变量相关，气候适应似乎很可能是多基因的且在遗传上很复杂。我们的研究结果还表明，自大山雀在上一个冰河时代末期离开其南欧避难所以来，地理气候适应一直在发生。最后，我们表明仍存在大量与气候相关的遗传变异，这对于适应未来变化至关重要。
