Li Feng, Yin Ao, Zhou Yaao, Liu Tao, Liu Qingqing, Ruan Weijie, Bu Ling
School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
Power Transmission and Substation Department, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100055, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2024 Feb 18;14(4):380. doi: 10.3390/nano14040380.
Rotational nanogenerators with flexible triboelectric layers have wide applications and high reliability. However, flexible materials cause a severe reduction in contact force and thus triboelectric output power. Unlike previous works devising complex auxiliary structures to solve this issue, this paper focuses on improving the contact material mechanics and proposes a stiffness modulation method. By introducing fine patterns to the contacting rotor-stator pairs, the effective elastic modulus was regulated from approximately 10 to 10 MPa, and the output voltage was modulated from approximately 24.39% to 375.87% compared to the non-patterned rotor-stator pairs, corresponding to a maximal a 14 times increase in output power. A maximal power density of 18.75 W/m was achieved on 10 MΩ resistance at 9.6 Hz, which is even beyond the power density of most rigid triboelectric interfaces. Moreover, high reliability could be maintained when the volume ratio of the horizontal patterns exceeded a threshold value of 33.5% as the stator and 63.6% as the rotor for a 0.5 mm linewidth. These results prove the efficacy of the stiffness modulation method for jointly achieving high output power and high reliability in flexible rotational triboelectric nanogenerators.
具有柔性摩擦电层的旋转纳米发电机具有广泛的应用和高可靠性。然而，柔性材料会导致接触力严重降低，从而使摩擦电输出功率降低。与以往设计复杂辅助结构来解决这一问题的工作不同，本文重点改进接触材料力学，并提出了一种刚度调制方法。通过在接触的转子-定子对上引入精细图案，有效弹性模量从约10 MPa调节到10 MPa，与无图案的转子-定子对相比，输出电压从约24.39%调制到375.87%，对应输出功率最大增加14倍。在9.6 Hz频率下，10 MΩ电阻上实现了18.75 W/m的最大功率密度，这甚至超过了大多数刚性摩擦电界面的功率密度。此外，当水平图案的体积比超过阈值时，对于0.5 mm线宽的定子，该阈值为33.5%，对于转子，该阈值为63.6%，可以保持高可靠性。这些结果证明了刚度调制方法在柔性旋转摩擦电纳米发电机中联合实现高输出功率和高可靠性的有效性。
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