Win Shwe Yee, Seo Hikari, Horio Fumiya, Fujisawa Sotaro, Sato Jumpei, Motai Yoshinosuke, Sato Takumi, Oishi Eiji, Taneno Akira, Htun Lat Lat, Bawm Saw, Okagawa Tomohiro, Maekawa Naoya, Konnai Satoru, Ohashi Kazuhiko, Murata Shiro
Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-18, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
Vaxxinova Japan K.K., 1-24-8 Hamamatsucho, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0013, Japan.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Jan 30;12(2):148. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12020148.
Poultry red mites (, PRMs), tropical fowl mites (, TFMs), and northern fowl mites ( NFMs) are blood-feeding pests that debilitate poultry worldwide. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) plays an important role in the detoxification and drug metabolism of mites. However, research on avian mite GSTs as vaccine antigens is still lacking. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the potential of avian mite GSTs for vaccine development. We identified GST genes from TFMs and NFMs. We prepared recombinant GST (rGST) from TFMs, NFMs, and PRMs, and assessed their protein functions. Moreover, we evaluated the cross-reactivity and acaricidal effect of immune plasma against each rGST on TFMs, NFMs, and PRMs. The deduced amino acid sequences of GSTs from TFMs and NFMs were 80% similar to those of the PRMs. The rGSTs exhibited catalytic activity in conjugating glutathione to the 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene substrate. Immune plasma against each rGST showed cross-reactivity with rGST from different mite species. Moreover, the survival rate of PRMs fed with immune plasma against the rGST of TFMs and NFMs was significantly lower than that of the control plasma. These results demonstrate the potential application of GST as an antigen for the development of a broad-spectrum vaccine against avian mites.
鸡皮刺螨、热带禽刺螨和北方禽刺螨都是吸食血液的害虫，它们使全球范围内的家禽变得虚弱。谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）在螨类的解毒和药物代谢中发挥着重要作用。然而，关于禽螨GST作为疫苗抗原的研究仍然缺乏。因此，我们旨在评估禽螨GST在疫苗开发中的潜力。我们从热带禽刺螨和北方禽刺螨中鉴定出GST基因。我们制备了来自热带禽刺螨、北方禽刺螨和鸡皮刺螨的重组GST（rGST），并评估了它们的蛋白质功能。此外，我们还评估了免疫血浆对每种rGST在热带禽刺螨、北方禽刺螨和鸡皮刺螨上的交叉反应性和杀螨效果。热带禽刺螨和北方禽刺螨GST的推导氨基酸序列与鸡皮刺螨的相似性为80%。rGST在将谷胱甘肽与1-氯-2,4-二硝基苯底物结合方面表现出催化活性。针对每种rGST的免疫血浆与来自不同螨种的rGST表现出交叉反应性。此外，用针对热带禽刺螨和北方禽刺螨rGST的免疫血浆喂养的鸡皮刺螨的存活率显著低于对照血浆喂养的鸡皮刺螨。这些结果证明了GST作为抗原在开发抗禽螨广谱疫苗方面的潜在应用。
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