Barnidge David, Troske Derek, North Simon, Wallis Gregg, Perkins Mark, Harding Stephen
The Binding Site, Part of ThermoFisher Scientific Research and Development Laboratory, 3777 40th Ave NW, Rochester, MN 55906, United States.
The Binding Site, Part of ThermoFisher Scientific, The Binding Site Group Ltd, 8 Calthorpe Road Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab. 2024 Feb 16;32:31-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.02.002. eCollection 2024 Apr.
INTRODUCTION: The EXENT® Solution, a fully automated system, is a recent advancement for identifying and quantifying monoclonal immunoglobulins in serum. It combines immunoprecipitation with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Compared to gel-based methods, like SPEP and IFE, it has demonstrated the ability to detect monoclonal immunoglobulins in serum at lower levels. In this study, samples that tested negative using EXENT® were reflexed to LC-MS to determine if the more sensitive LC-MS method could identify monoclonal immunoglobulins missed by EXENT®. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether monoclonal immunoglobulins that are not detected by EXENT® can be detected by LC-MS using a low flow LC system coupled to a Q-TOF mass spectrometer. METHODS: Samples obtained from patients confirmed to have multiple myeloma (MM) were diluted with pooled polyclonal human serum and analyzed using EXENT®. If a specific monoclonal immunoglobulin was not detected by EXENT®, the sample was then subjected to analysis by LC-MS. For the LC-MS analysis, the sample eluate, obtained after the MALDI-TOF MS spotting step, was collected and transferred to an autosampler tray for subsequent analysis using LC-MS. CONCLUSION: LC-MS has the capability to detect monoclonal immunoglobulins that are no longer detected by EXENT®. Reflexing samples to LC-MS for analysis does not involve additional sample handling, allowing for a faster time-to-result compared to current approaches, such as Next-Generation Sequencing, Next-Generation Flow, and clonotypic peptide methods. Notably, LC-MS offers equivalent sensitivity in detecting these specific monoclonal immunoglobulins.
引言:EXENT® 解决方案是一种全自动系统,是血清中鉴定和定量单克隆免疫球蛋白的最新进展。它将免疫沉淀与基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)相结合。与基于凝胶的方法(如血清蛋白电泳(SPEP)和免疫固定电泳(IFE))相比,它已证明能够检测血清中较低水平的单克隆免疫球蛋白。在本研究中,使用EXENT®检测呈阴性的样本被送去进行液相色谱 - 质谱联用(LC-MS)分析,以确定更灵敏的LC-MS方法是否能识别出EXENT®遗漏的单克隆免疫球蛋白。 目的:评估使用与四极杆飞行时间质谱仪(Q-TOF)联用的低流速液相色谱系统,LC-MS能否检测出EXENT®未检测到的单克隆免疫球蛋白。 方法:从确诊为多发性骨髓瘤(MM)的患者中获取样本,用混合的多克隆人血清稀释后使用EXENT®进行分析。如果EXENT®未检测到特定的单克隆免疫球蛋白,则对该样本进行LC-MS分析。对于LC-MS分析,在MALDI-TOF MS点样步骤后获得的样品洗脱液被收集并转移至自动进样器托盘,以便随后使用LC-MS进行分析。 结论:LC-MS有能力检测出EXENT®不再能检测到的单克隆免疫球蛋白。将样本送去进行LC-MS分析无需额外的样本处理,与当前方法(如下一代测序、下一代流式细胞术和克隆型肽方法)相比,能更快得到结果。值得注意的是,LC-MS在检测这些特定单克隆免疫球蛋白时具有同等的灵敏度。
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