Bampa Grigoria, Moraitou Despina, Metallidou Panagiota, Masoura Elvira, Papantoniou Georgia, Sofologi Maria, Kougioumtzis Georgios, Papatzikis Efthymios, Tsolaki Magdalini
Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Cognition, Brain and Behavior, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balcan Center, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Front Psychol. 2024 Feb 13;15:1275678. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1275678. eCollection 2024.
Metacognition, the ability to monitor and regulate cognitive processes, is essential for individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to accurately identify their deficits and effectively manage them. However, previous studies primarily focused on memory awareness in MCI, neglecting other domains affected in daily life. This study aimed to investigate how individuals with MCI perceive their abilities to handle various cognitively challenging situations representing real-life scenarios and their use of compensatory strategies. Thus 100 participants were recruited, including 50 with amnestic MCI with multiple deficits (aMCI) and 50 cognitively healthy controls (HC) matched in age and education. Participants completed three metacognitive scales assessing self-perceived efficacy in everyday life scenarios and one scale evaluating use of cognitive strategies. Results indicated that aMCI participants reported significantly lower self-efficacy in memory and divided-shifted attention scenarios compared to HC. Surprisingly, no significant group differences were found in the self-reports about the use of cognitive strategies. This suggests a potential gap in understanding or applying effective strategies for compensating cognitive deficits. These findings emphasize the importance of cognitive training programs targeting metacognitive knowledge enhancement and practical use of cognitive strategies that could enhance the quality of life for individuals with MCI.
元认知，即监控和调节认知过程的能力，对于轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者准确识别自身缺陷并有效加以管理至关重要。然而，以往研究主要聚焦于MCI患者的记忆意识，而忽视了日常生活中受影响的其他领域。本研究旨在调查MCI患者如何看待自己处理各种代表现实生活场景的认知挑战性情况的能力，以及他们对补偿策略的运用。因此，招募了100名参与者，包括50名患有多种缺陷的遗忘型MCI（aMCI）患者和50名年龄和教育程度相匹配的认知健康对照者（HC）。参与者完成了三个评估日常生活场景中自我感知效能的元认知量表，以及一个评估认知策略使用情况的量表。结果表明，与HC相比，aMCI患者在记忆和分散转移注意力场景中的自我效能感显著更低。令人惊讶的是，在关于认知策略使用的自我报告中未发现显著的组间差异。这表明在理解或应用补偿认知缺陷的有效策略方面可能存在差距。这些发现强调了针对增强元认知知识和认知策略实际应用的认知训练项目的重要性，这些项目可以提高MCI患者的生活质量。
