Naqvi Syed Atif Hasan, Abbas Aqleem, Farhan Muhammad, Kiran Rafia, Hassan Zeshan, Mehmood Yasir, Ali Amjad, Ahmed Niaz, Hassan Muhammad Zeeshan, Alrefaei Abdulwahed Fahad, Ölmez Fatih, Yang Seung-Hwan, Baloch Faheem Shehzad
Department of Plant Pathology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Department of Agriculture and Food Technology, Karakoram International University, Gilgit Baltistan, Gilgit 15100, Pakistan.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Mar 3;13(5):715. doi: 10.3390/plants13050715.
The current study was carried out to screen 10 isolates (ARS-01-ARS-10) of from potato tubers cv. Kuroda, which were collected from various potato fields in Multan, Pakistan. The isolates were found to be morphologically identical, as the hyphae exhibit the production of branches at right angles and acute angles often accompanied by septum near the emerging branches. Anastomosis grouping showed that these isolates belonged to AG-3. A pathogenicity test was performed against the susceptible Kuroda variety and among the isolates, ARS-05 exhibited the highest mean severity score of approximately 5.43, followed by ARS-09, which showed a mean severity score of about 3.67, indicating a moderate level of severity. On the lower end of the severity scale, isolates ARS-06 and ARS-07 displayed mean severity scores of approximately 0.53 and 0.57, respectively, suggesting minimal symptom severity. These mean severity scores offer insights into the varying degrees of symptom expression among the different isolates of under examination. PCoA indicates that the severe isolate causing black scurf on the Kuroda variety was AG-3. A comprehensive analysis of the distribution, genetic variability, and phylogenetic relationships of anastomosis groups (AGs) related to potato crops across diverse geographic regions was also performed to examine AG prevalence in various countries. AG-3 was identified as the most widespread group, prevalent in Sweden, China, and the USA. AG-5 showed prominence in Sweden and the USA, while AG-2-1 exhibited prevalence in China and Japan. The phylogenetic analysis unveiled two different clades: Clade I comprising AG-3 and Clade II encompassing AG-2, AG-4, and AG-5, further subdivided into three subclades. Although AGs clustered together regardless of origin, their genetic diversity revealed complex evolutionary patterns. The findings pave the way for region-specific disease management strategies to combat impact on potato crops.
本研究旨在筛选从巴基斯坦木尔坦不同马铃薯田采集的马铃薯品种黑田（cv. Kuroda）块茎上的10个分离株（ARS - 01至ARS - 10）。这些分离株在形态上被发现是相同的，因为菌丝体在直角和锐角处产生分支，并且在新出现的分支附近常常伴有隔膜。融合群分析表明这些分离株属于AG - 3。对易感的黑田品种进行了致病性测试，在分离株中，ARS - 05表现出最高的平均严重度评分，约为5.43，其次是ARS - 09，其平均严重度评分为约3.67，表明严重程度为中等水平。在严重度等级的低端，分离株ARS - 06和ARS - 07的平均严重度评分分别约为0.53和0.57，表明症状严重程度最低。这些平均严重度评分有助于深入了解所检测的不同分离株之间症状表达的不同程度。主坐标分析表明，在黑田品种上引起黑痣病的严重分离株是AG - 3。还对不同地理区域与马铃薯作物相关的融合群（AGs）的分布、遗传变异性和系统发育关系进行了全面分析，以研究AGs在各个国家的流行情况。AG - 3被确定为分布最广的群体，在瑞典、中国和美国都有发现。AG - 5在瑞典和美国较为突出，而AG - 2 - 1在中国和日本较为普遍。系统发育分析揭示了两个不同的进化枝：进化枝I包含AG - 3，进化枝II包含AG - 2、AG - 4和AG - 5，后者进一步细分为三个亚进化枝。尽管AGs无论起源如何都聚集在一起，但其遗传多样性揭示了复杂的进化模式。这些发现为制定针对特定区域的病害管理策略以应对对马铃薯作物的影响铺平了道路。
