Department of Allergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Feb 28;15:1363034. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363034. eCollection 2024.
Hay fever, characterized by seasonal allergic reactions, poses a significant health challenge. Existing therapies encompass standard drug regimens, biological agents, and specific immunotherapy. This study aims to assess and compare the effectiveness of anti-IgE (omalizumab), medication therapy, and subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) for hay fever.
Conducted as a retrospective cohort study, this research involved 98 outpatient hay fever patients who underwent routine medication, omalizumab treatment, or SCIT before the onset of the spring pollen season. A follow-up was performed one month after the start of the pollen season. The comprehensive symptoms and drug scores were used to evaluate patients with different intervention methods, facilitating a comparative analysis of therapeutic outcomes.
Compared with before treatment, the symptoms of patients treated with the three methods were all significantly relieved, and the medication score were significantly reduced. Patients treated with omalizumab demonstrated higher symptoms and medication scores than SCIT group before treatment, but similar scores after treatment, which were both lower than medicine treatment group. After treatment with omalizumab or SCIT, patients in both groups had significantly lower medication scores than the medication group and were close to no longer using medication for symptom relief. The mountain juniper-sIgE was significantly higher after treatment than before treatment in both medicine treatment group and omalizumab treatment group.
Omalizumab and SCIT offer superior effects than medication therapy in hay fever patients.
花粉症的季节性过敏反应特征显著，构成了重大的健康挑战。现有的疗法包括标准药物治疗方案、生物制剂和特异性免疫疗法。本研究旨在评估和比较抗 IgE（奥马珠单抗）、药物治疗和皮下免疫治疗（SCIT）对花粉症的疗效。
本研究采用回顾性队列设计，纳入了 98 例花粉症门诊患者，他们在春季花粉季节开始前接受常规药物治疗、奥马珠单抗治疗或 SCIT。在花粉季节开始后一个月进行随访。采用综合症状和药物评分评估不同干预方法的患者，比较治疗结果。
与治疗前相比，三种方法治疗的患者症状均明显缓解，药物评分明显降低。治疗前奥马珠单抗治疗组的症状和药物评分均高于 SCIT 组，但治疗后评分相似，均低于药物治疗组。奥马珠单抗或 SCIT 治疗后，两组患者的药物评分均明显低于药物治疗组，且接近无需药物缓解症状。与治疗前相比，药物治疗组和奥马珠单抗治疗组的山地杜松-sIgE 治疗后均显著升高。
奥马珠单抗和 SCIT 对花粉症患者的疗效优于药物治疗。
