GL001 alleviates rat intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating gut microbiota composition and intestinal tissue metabolism.

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR) injury leads to inflammation and oxidative stress, resulting in intestinal barrier damage. Probiotics, due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, are considered for potential intervention to protect the intestinal barrier during IIR injury. , a recognized probiotic, has targeted effects on IIR injury, but its mechanisms of action are not yet understood. To investigate the mechanism of intervention in IIR injury, we conducted a study using a rat IIR injury model. The results showed that could alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress induced by IIR injury by suppressing the NF-κB inflammatory pathway and activating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. GL001 also increased the abundance of the gut microbiota such as , , , , and , while decreasing the abundance of , [], , , , and . In addition, GL001 reversed the changes in amino acids and bile acids induced by IIR injury and reduced the levels of DL-cysteine, an oxidative stress marker, in intestinal tissue. Spearman correlation analysis showed that L-cystine was positively correlated with and negatively correlated with , while DL-proline was positively correlated with . Moreover, bile acids, cholic acid and lithocholic acid, were negatively correlated with and positively correlated with . Therefore, GL001 may alleviate IIR injury by regulating the gut microbiota to modulate intestinal lipid peroxidation and bile acid metabolism.