Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College.
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College;
J Vis Exp. 2024 Mar 1(205). doi: 10.3791/66396.
The ear is the organ most susceptible to explosion overpressure, and cochlear injuries frequently occur after blast exposure. Blast exposure can lead to sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which is an irreversible hearing loss that negatively affects the quality of life. Detailed blast-induced cochlear pathologies, such as the loss of hair cells, spiral ganglion neurons, cochlear synapses, and disruption of stereocilia, have been previously documented. However, determining cochlear sensorineural deterioration after a blast injury is challenging because animals exposed to blast overpressure usually experience tympanic membrane perforation (TMP), which causes concurrent conductive hearing loss. To evaluate pure sensorineural cochlear dysfunction, we developed an experimental animal model of blast-induced cochlear injury using a laser-induced shock wave. This method avoids TMP and concomitant systemic injuries and reproduces the functional decline in the SNHL component in an energy-dependent manner after LISW exposure. This animal model could be a platform for elucidating the pathological mechanisms and exploring potential treatments for blast-induced cochlear dysfunction.
耳朵是最容易受到爆炸超压影响的器官，爆震暴露后常发生耳蜗损伤。爆震暴露可导致感音神经性听力损失（SNHL），这是一种不可逆的听力损失，会对生活质量产生负面影响。以前已经记录了详细的爆震引起的耳蜗病理学，如毛细胞、螺旋神经节神经元、耳蜗突触的丧失以及静纤毛的破坏。然而，由于暴露于爆炸超压的动物通常会出现鼓膜穿孔（TMP），从而导致同时发生的传导性听力损失，因此确定爆震伤后耳蜗的感音神经性恶化具有挑战性。为了评估纯感音神经性耳蜗功能障碍，我们使用激光诱导冲击波开发了一种爆震性耳蜗损伤的实验动物模型。这种方法避免了 TMP 和伴随的全身损伤，并以能量依赖的方式重现了 LISW 暴露后 SNHL 成分的功能下降。这种动物模型可以成为阐明病理机制和探索爆震性耳蜗功能障碍潜在治疗方法的平台。
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