Measuring and monitoring the transition to the circular economy of universities: CExUNV.

The circular economy (CE) has been identified as a critical strategy to contribute to sustainable development and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda, being one of the biggest challenges for society in general and organisations in particular. Hence, various methods have been developed in recent years to measure the level of circularity of organisations, such as methodologies, indicators, metrics and CE tools. Universities, as education, research and community service organisations, play a key role in the promotion of and transition to the CE. Therefore, they require methods that enable them to quantify and monitor their level of circularity. However, it has been shown that CE methods developed for organisations are not suitable for such complex institutions, and, to date, no sector-specific methods have been developed. In this context, it has become necessary to develop a useful method to quantify and monitor the current level of circularity, assess its progress and facilitate decision-making on circularity that addresses the specific needs of this type of organisation. Thus, a set of 82 CE indicators and their metrics, specific to universities, has been proposed. They have been implemented in an Excel spreadsheet tool called CExUNV, in order to promote and facilitate their use. In addition, 41 improvement actions have been suggested to guide and assist universities in their progress towards CE.