Plumpton College, Lewis, UK.
Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA.
Vet Med Sci. 2024 May;10(3):e1408. doi: 10.1002/vms3.1408.
BACKGROUND: Joint stiffness, lameness and reduced activity levels are common inflammatory responses observed in canines and have significant impact on quality of life (QOL). The symptoms are often ascribed to osteoarthritis (OA), for which the standard treatment is systemic anti-inflammatories, but pharmacologic intervention can have significant short-term and long-term side effects. OBJECTIVES: Test the efficacy of a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared pulsed shortwave therapy (PSWT) device as a means to modulate vagus nerve activity and initiate a systemic anti-inflammatory response to determine its ability to improve functionality and the QOL of canines with inflammatory symptoms commonly associated with OA. METHODS: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled 14-day study of 60 dogs with a presumptive prior diagnosis of OA in at least one limb joint. Two outcomes assessing changes in the dog's QOL and functionality were measured: subjectively determined changes in eight behaviours associated with discomfort and objectively determined changes in passive range of motion (PROM). The device was secured near the cervico-thoracic region of the dog's spine. PROM measures were taken at baseline and at the end of study. Behavioural measures were taken daily. RESULTS: Forty-nine animals completed the study. No negative side effects were reported. Average subjective discomfort scores for the treatment group (N = 26) were reduced from 3.74 to 2.10 (44%), compared to no improvement in the placebo group (N = 23) over the study period (p = 0.0001). Average PROM scores increased by 5.51 (4.59-6.23) degrees relative to the placebo group (p < 0.01). Ninety-six per cent of the treatment group showed either increased PROM or improved behavioural changes or both, compared to 4% for the placebo group (p < 0.01). Most changes occurred within the first 8 days of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: PSWT applied at the level of the cervico-thoracic spine to target the vagus nerve may have the potential to improve QOL in dogs manifesting behaviours commonly associated with OA.
背景：关节僵硬、跛行和活动水平降低是犬类常见的炎症反应，对生活质量（QOL）有重大影响。这些症状通常归因于骨关节炎（OA），其标准治疗方法是全身性抗炎药，但药物干预可能会有显著的短期和长期副作用。
目的：测试一种已获得美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准的脉冲短波治疗（PSWT）设备作为调节迷走神经活动并引发全身性抗炎反应的手段，以确定其改善有炎症症状的犬类功能和生活质量的能力，这些症状通常与 OA 有关。
方法：一项针对 60 只犬的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的 14 天研究，这些犬至少有一个四肢关节有 OA 的初步诊断。有两种评估犬生活质量和功能变化的结果测量：与不适相关的 8 种行为的主观确定变化和被动活动范围（PROM）的客观确定变化。设备固定在犬的颈椎-胸椎区域附近。在基线和研究结束时测量 PROM。每天进行行为测量。
结果：49 只动物完成了研究。没有报告负面的副作用。治疗组（N=26）的平均主观不适评分从 3.74 降至 2.10（44%），而安慰剂组（N=23）在研究期间没有改善（p=0.0001）。与安慰剂组相比，PROM 评分平均增加了 5.51 度（4.59-6.23）（p<0.01）。与安慰剂组相比，96%的治疗组表现出 PROM 增加或行为变化改善或两者兼有，而安慰剂组只有 4%（p<0.01）。大多数变化发生在治疗的前 8 天内。
结论：在颈椎-胸椎水平应用于迷走神经的 PSWT 可能有潜力改善表现出与 OA 相关行为的犬的生活质量。
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