Chahin-Inostroza Natalia, Bracho-Milic Fanny, Velasco-Bahamonde Edith, Navarrete-Hidalgo Claudia, Serón Pamela
Medical and Health Sciences Department, Universidad Mayor, Temuco, Chile.
Medical School, Centro de Excelencia CIGES, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Front Sports Act Living. 2024 Mar 11;6:1302023. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1302023. eCollection 2024.
The COVID-19 pandemic was a health problem which affected the entire world. Sports were strongly affected, especially outdoors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on training and technology use among Chilean amateur athletes.
An observational descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out during the 2021-2. Nonprobabilistic convenience sample of people over 18 years. Data were obtained via online survey and analyzed with Stata 16.0 statistical program for runners, triathletes, cyclists.
The sample was 179 athletes, average age was 42.5 years ±10.2; males were 58.6%. 22.65% of the sample were triathletes, 58% runners, and 18.2% cyclists. Training habits were measured during Pre-Pandemic (PP), Pandemic With Quarantine (PWQ), and Pandemic Without Quarantine (PWOQ). In total sample, a decrease was observed in variables of average training frequency of 1.28 sessions per week ( = 0.001; = 0.648); weekly average training time of 189.63 min ( = 0.005; = 0.293); days per week with high and medium intensity training of 0.95 ( = 0.001; = 0.833) and 0.37 ( = 0.001; = 0.327) respectively; and days per week with cardio training of 1.01 ( = 0.001; = 0.678), comparing the PP and PWQ periods. When comparing PWQ and PWOQ, an increase was observed in the same variables mentioned above of 1,57 sessions per week ( = 0.001; = 0.513); 162.68 min per week ( = 0.020; = -0.245); days per week with high of 0.82 ( = 0.001; = -0.714) and medium intensity training of 0.46 ( = 0.001; = -0.412); days per week with cardio training of 1.14 ( = 0.001; = -0.730); and included strength training of 0.42 ( = 0.012; = -0.312). For technology incorporation, over 78% ( = 0.023) claimed to used devices to measure training, with the watch being the preferred device in over 72% ( = 0.002) during the three timeframes. Highlighted the rise in use of training software during and after the lockdown period of more than 23% ( < 0.001).
All variables related with training habits decreased comparing PP and PWQ and all variables rose between PWQ and PWOQ; however, comparing PP and PWOQ, there are small differences, which do not always favor the PWOQ, reflecting how athletes have not yet been able to recover their training rhythms. Finally, we should note that the use of technology increased, in all periods.
新冠疫情是一个影响全球的健康问题。体育运动受到了严重影响，尤其是户外运动。本研究的目的是评估新冠疫情对智利业余运动员训练和技术使用的影响。
这是一项观察性描述性横断面研究，于2021 - 2022年期间开展。对18岁以上人群采用非概率便利抽样。通过在线调查获取数据，并使用Stata 16.0统计程序对跑步者、铁人三项运动员和自行车运动员的数据进行分析。
样本为179名运动员，平均年龄为42.5岁±10.2；男性占58.6%。样本中22.65%是铁人三项运动员，58%是跑步者，18.2%是自行车运动员。在疫情前（PP）、有隔离措施的疫情期间（PWQ）和无隔离措施的疫情期间（PWOQ）对训练习惯进行了测量。在总样本中，与疫情前相比，疫情期间平均训练频率变量每周减少1.28次训练（P = 0.001；效应量 = 0.648）；每周平均训练时间减少189.63分钟（P = 0.005；效应量 = 0.293）；每周高强度和中等强度训练天数分别减少0.95天（P = 0.001；效应量 = 0.833）和0.37天（P = 0.001；效应量 = 0.327）；每周有氧训练天数减少1.01天（P = 0.001；效应量 = 0.678）。当比较有隔离措施的疫情期间和无隔离措施的疫情期间时，上述相同变量出现增加，每周增加1.57次训练（P = 0.001；效应量 = 0.513）；每周增加162.68分钟（P = 0.020；效应量 = -0.245）；每周高强度训练天数增加0.82天（P = 0.001；效应量 = -0.714），中等强度训练天数增加0.46天（P = 0.001；效应量 = -0.412）；每周有氧训练天数增加1.14天（P = 0.001；效应量 = -0.730），还包括力量训练天数增加0.42天（P = 0.012；效应量 = -0.312）。对于技术应用，超过78%（P = 0.023）的人声称使用设备来测量训练，在三个时间段中，超过72%（P = 0.002）的人首选手表作为测量设备。值得注意的是，在封锁期间及之后，训练软件的使用增加了超过23%（P < 0.001）。
与训练习惯相关的所有变量在比较疫情前和有隔离措施的疫情期间时均有所下降，而在有隔离措施的疫情期间和无隔离措施的疫情期间之间均有所上升；然而，比较疫情前和无隔离措施的疫情期间时，差异较小，且并非总是无隔离措施的疫情期间更有利，这反映出运动员尚未能够恢复他们的训练节奏。最后，我们应该注意到，在所有时期技术的使用都有所增加。
