Mueller Christine A, Bowers Barbara J, Kolanowski Ann M
School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2024 Aug;72(8):2311-2318. doi: 10.1111/jgs.18898. Epub 2024 Mar 29.
The compelling evidence that higher RN to resident ratios improve health outcomes in nursing homes underscores the necessity of implementing evidence-based RN nursing home staffing standards. However, there are other dimensions to RN staffing in nursing homes beyond the numbers or hours per resident day (HPRD) that influence the quality of care. Without attending to a broader focus on nurse staffing, the benefits of increased RN staffing levels will not be achieved. This article outlines how RN HPRD can be maximized by magnifying the RN's scope of practice and attending to how nursing care is organized and delivered in nursing homes using a nursing practice model framework. This framework addresses the accountability of the RN and the RN's role in supporting and facilitating: (1) collective decision-making among the nursing staff about the care of residents and the work environment, (2) continuity of information among care providers, and (3) ensuring residents have continuity with the care providers assigned to their care. Attention to the RN's expertise in gerontological nursing and leadership capacity further leverages the RN's ability to influence the quality of care for nursing homes residents.
越来越多的证据表明,提高注册护士与居民的比例可改善养老院的健康状况,这凸显了实施基于证据的养老院注册护士人员配备标准的必要性。然而,养老院注册护士人员配备还有其他方面,不仅仅是每位居民每天的数量或小时数(HPRD),这些都会影响护理质量。如果不更广泛地关注护士人员配备,增加注册护士人员配备水平的好处将无法实现。本文概述了如何通过扩大注册护士的执业范围,并使用护理实践模式框架关注养老院护理的组织和提供方式,来最大化注册护士的HPRD。该框架涉及注册护士的问责制以及注册护士在支持和促进以下方面的作用:(1)护理人员之间关于居民护理和工作环境的集体决策,(2)护理提供者之间信息的连续性,以及(3)确保居民与分配给他们护理的护理提供者保持连续性。关注注册护士在老年护理方面的专业知识和领导能力,进一步提升了注册护士影响养老院居民护理质量的能力。