Di Sandro Stefano, Balci Deniz, Di Benedetto Fabrizio
Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, MO, Italy.
Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Updates Surg. 2024 Apr 9. doi: 10.1007/s13304-024-01831-5.
Liver transplantation (LT) revolutionized the outlook for cirrhotic patients, offering a potential cure with over 80% life expectancy after 5 years. Cirrhosis, with or without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the primary LT indication. Living donor LT (LDLT) initially explored as an alternative, declined due to poorer outcomes. Studies on LDLT improved outcomes through precise recipient selection, emphasizing the importance of careful donor/recipient matching. Emerging concepts like left lobe preference and minimally invasive donor approaches enhance LDLT outcomes. The RAPID technique shows promise in both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic livers. LDLT gains significance in transplant oncology, particularly for liver tumors like colorectal liver metastases (CLM), offering better survival than alternatives. Optimal timing integrates chemotherapy with the transplant. As LT indications evolve, LDLT finds a growing role in oncology, surpassing deceased donor transplants in certain scenarios. The decreasing prevalence of virus-related uncompensated cirrhosis highlights the expanding space for LDLT in liver transplantation.
肝移植彻底改变了肝硬化患者的前景,为他们提供了一种潜在的治愈方法,5年后的预期寿命超过80%。无论有无肝细胞癌(HCC),肝硬化都是肝移植的主要适应症。活体供肝肝移植(LDLT)最初作为一种替代方法进行探索,但由于效果较差而逐渐减少。关于LDLT的研究通过精确选择受者改善了结果,强调了仔细进行供者/受者匹配的重要性。左叶优先和微创供肝方法等新兴概念提高了LDLT的效果。RAPID技术在肝硬化和非肝硬化肝脏中均显示出前景。LDLT在移植肿瘤学中具有重要意义,特别是对于像结直肠癌肝转移(CLM)这样的肝脏肿瘤,其生存率优于其他替代方法。最佳时机是将化疗与移植相结合。随着肝移植适应症的不断演变,LDLT在肿瘤学中的作用越来越大,在某些情况下超过了尸体供肝移植。病毒相关失代偿性肝硬化患病率的下降凸显了LDLT在肝移植中不断扩大的空间。