Xiao Shengmin, Du Juan, Yuan Guanghui, Luo Xiaohong, Song Linjiang
School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.
Department of Oncology, Hejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Luzhou, 611137, People's Republic of China.
Reprod Sci. 2024 Dec;31(12):3635-3650. doi: 10.1007/s43032-024-01523-w. Epub 2024 Apr 9.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short single-stranded, noncoding RNAs that affect the translation of mRNAs by imperfectly binding to homologous 3'UTRs. Research on miRNAs in ovarian diseases is constantly expanding because miRNAs are powerful regulators of gene expression and cellular processes and are promising biomarkers. miRNA mimics, miRNA inhibitors and molecules targeting miRNAs (antimiRs) have shown promise as novel therapeutic agents in preclinical development. Granulosa cells (GCs) are supporting cells for developing oocytes in the ovary. GCs regulate female reproductive health by producing sex hormones and LH receptors. Increasing research has reported the relevance of miRNAs in GC pathophysiology. With in-depth studies of disease mechanisms, there are an increasing number of studies on the biomolecular pathways of miRNAs in gynecology and endocrinology. In the present review, we summarize the different functions of GC-related microRNAs in various ovarian disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian insufficiency, premature ovarian failure and ovarian granulosa cell tumors.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类短的单链非编码RNA，通过与同源3'非翻译区（3'UTR）不完全结合来影响mRNA的翻译。由于miRNA是基因表达和细胞过程的强大调节因子，并且是有前景的生物标志物，因此关于卵巢疾病中miRNA的研究正在不断扩展。miRNA模拟物、miRNA抑制剂和靶向miRNA的分子（抗miR）在临床前开发中已显示出作为新型治疗剂的潜力。颗粒细胞（GC）是卵巢中发育中卵母细胞的支持细胞。GC通过产生性激素和促黄体生成素（LH）受体来调节女性生殖健康。越来越多的研究报道了miRNA在GC病理生理学中的相关性。随着对疾病机制的深入研究，关于miRNA在妇科和内分泌学中的生物分子途径的研究也越来越多。在本综述中，我们总结了与GC相关的微小RNA在各种卵巢疾病中的不同功能，如多囊卵巢综合征、卵巢早衰、卵巢功能衰竭和卵巢颗粒细胞瘤。
