Functions of HP1 in preventing chromosomal instability.

Chromosomal instability (CIN), caused by errors in the segregation of chromosomes during mitosis, is a hallmark of many types of cancer. The fidelity of chromosome segregation is governed by a sophisticated cellular signaling network, one crucial orchestrator of which is Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1). HP1 dynamically localizes to distinct sites at various stages of mitosis, where it regulates key mitotic events ranging from chromosome-microtubule attachment to sister chromatid cohesion to cytokinesis. Our evolving comprehension of HP1's multifaceted role has positioned it as a central protein in the orchestration of mitotic processes.