Hembrom Shweta B, Ahmed Ghazal, Karim Habib Md R, Singh Vineeta, Rai Priyanka, Meshram Suchita V
Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, All Indian Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, IND.
Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 11;16(3):e55986. doi: 10.7759/cureus.55986. eCollection 2024 Mar.
Leprosy is known for its diverse pathophysiologic involvement and resulting multisystemic manifestation and morbidities. Despite global efforts to eliminate this public health illness, it is still prevalent in some Asian and European countries. Perioperative management of a leprosy patient is challenging owing to the indirect and direct involvement of the airway, respiratory, and cardiac systems; treatment-related side-effects involving the hepato-renal systems affecting the anesthesia techniques and drugs pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics. While anaesthesiologists are aware of such happenings and often tailor the anesthesia management for the concerning issues, immunological aspects of the disease and drug-related adverse events are less enquired about, such as type-2 lepra reaction, i.e., erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), etc. Further, data on perioperative ENL management and prevention are still being determined. We report one case of a 52-year-old female who underwent gynecology surgery and developed ENL on the third postoperative day, which was managed using Steroids. Unfortunately, the patient had a surgical site infection, which required another surgery within the month, while the patient was still under the steroid successfully without any adverse events. Although a single case cannot provide causation or association, the case is presented to highlight the probable preventive action of steroids on the occurrence of postoperative ENL, where surgical stress is considered a risk factor.
麻风病以其多样的病理生理累及以及由此产生的多系统表现和病症而闻名。尽管全球致力于消除这种公共卫生疾病,但它在一些亚洲和欧洲国家仍然流行。麻风病患者的围手术期管理具有挑战性,这是由于气道、呼吸和心脏系统的间接和直接累及;涉及肝肾功能系统的治疗相关副作用会影响麻醉技术以及药物的药代动力学和药效动力学。虽然麻醉医生了解此类情况,并且常常针对相关问题调整麻醉管理,但对于该疾病的免疫学方面以及药物相关不良事件,如2型麻风反应,即结节性红斑麻风(ENL)等,却较少被询问。此外,围手术期ENL管理和预防的数据仍在确定中。我们报告一例52岁女性患者,她接受了妇科手术,术后第三天发生了ENL,使用类固醇进行了治疗。不幸的是,该患者发生了手术部位感染,在当月内需要再次手术,而此时患者仍在成功使用类固醇治疗且未出现任何不良事件。尽管单个病例无法提供因果关系或关联,但呈现该病例是为了强调类固醇对术后ENL发生可能具有的预防作用,其中手术应激被认为是一个危险因素。