Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.
Chem Rev. 2024 May 8;124(9):5470-5504. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00701. Epub 2024 Apr 12.
Lysophosphatidylserine (lyso-PS) has emerged as yet another important signaling lysophospholipid in mammals, and deregulation in its metabolism has been directly linked to an array of human autoimmune and neurological disorders. It has an indispensable role in several biological processes in humans, and therefore, cellular concentrations of lyso-PS are tightly regulated to ensure optimal signaling and functioning in physiological settings. Given its biological importance, the past two decades have seen an explosion in the available literature toward our understanding of diverse aspects of lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and its association with human diseases. In this Review, we aim to comprehensively summarize different aspects of lyso-PS, such as its structure, biodistribution, chemical synthesis, and SAR studies with some synthetic analogs. From a biochemical perspective, we provide an exhaustive coverage of the diverse biological activities modulated by lyso-PSs, such as its metabolism and the receptors that respond to them in humans. We also briefly discuss the human diseases associated with aberrant lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and posit some future directions that may advance our understanding of lyso-PS-mediated mammalian physiology.
溶血磷脂酰丝氨酸（lyso-PS）已成为哺乳动物中另一种重要的信号溶血磷脂，其代谢失调与一系列人类自身免疫和神经紊乱直接相关。它在人类的许多生物学过程中都起着不可或缺的作用，因此，细胞内 lyso-PS 的浓度受到严格调控，以确保在生理环境中发挥最佳信号转导和功能。鉴于其重要的生物学意义，过去二十年中，有关 lyso-PS 代谢和信号转导及其与人类疾病关联的各个方面的研究文献大量涌现。在这篇综述中，我们旨在全面总结 lyso-PS 的不同方面，如结构、生物分布、化学合成以及一些合成类似物的 SAR 研究。从生化角度来看，我们详尽地介绍了 lyso-PS 调节的多种生物学活性，如代谢及其在人类中响应的受体。我们还简要讨论了与异常 lyso-PS 代谢和信号转导相关的人类疾病，并提出了一些可能有助于我们理解 lyso-PS 介导的哺乳动物生理学的未来方向。
