School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 May 15;349:123959. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123959. Epub 2024 Apr 10.
The worldwide prevalence of obesity highlights the potential contribution of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, common epidemiological measures such as body mass index and waist circumference may misrepresent the intricate obesity risks these chemicals pose across genders. This study delves deeper into abdominal fat by differentiating between subcutaneous and visceral regions by analyzing data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). We particularly investigated the gender-specific associations between organophosphorus flame-retardant metabolites (mOPFRs), phthalates (mPAEs) and accumulated fat indexes from 2536 people. Aiding by Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR), we found while co-exposure to mOPFRs and mPAEs was linked to general and abdominal obesity across the entire and gender-specific populations, a gender-specific fat distribution emerged. For women, urinary BDCPP and MBzP were linked to an increased subcutaneous fat index (SFI) [BDCPP OR: 1.12 (95% CI: 1.03-1.21), MBzP OR: 1.09 (95% CI: 1.01-1.18)], but not to visceral fat index (VFI). These metabolites had a combined linkage with SFI, with BDCPP (weighting 22.0%) and DPHP (weighting 31.0%) being the most influential in Quantile g-computation model (qgcomp) model. In men, BCEP exposure exclusively associated with the elevated VFI [OR: 1.14 (95% CI: 1.03-1.26)], a trend further highlighted in mixture models with BCEP as the predominant association. Intriguingly, only males displayed a marked correlation between these metabolites and insulin resistance in subpopulation. An attempted mediation analysis revealed that elevated C-reactive protein mediated 12.1% of the association between urinary BCEP and insulin resistance, suggesting a potential role of inflammation. In conclusion, the gender-specific fat distribution and insulin resistance that associated with mOPFRs represented the potential risk of these chemicals to man.
全世界肥胖的流行情况突显了内分泌干扰化学物质（EDCs）的潜在影响。然而，常见的流行病学指标，如体重指数和腰围，可能无法准确反映这些化学物质对不同性别造成的复杂肥胖风险。本研究通过分析国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据，深入研究了腹部脂肪，将其分为皮下和内脏区域。我们特别研究了 2536 个人的器官磷阻燃剂代谢物（mOPFRs）、邻苯二甲酸酯（mPAEs）和累积脂肪指数之间的性别特异性关联。通过贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR），我们发现 mOPFRs 和 mPAEs 的共同暴露与整个和性别特异性人群的一般和腹部肥胖有关，但出现了性别特异性的脂肪分布。对于女性，尿液 BDCPP 和 MBzP 与皮下脂肪指数（SFI）增加有关[BDCPP OR：1.12（95% CI：1.03-1.21），MBzP OR：1.09（95% CI：1.01-1.18）]，但与内脏脂肪指数（VFI）无关。这些代谢物与 SFI 有联合关联，在定量计算模型（qgcomp）模型中，BDCPP（权重 22.0%）和 DPHP（权重 31.0%）的影响最大。对于男性，BCP 暴露仅与 VFI 升高有关[OR：1.14（95% CI：1.03-1.26）]，在以 BCEP 为主要关联的混合模型中，这一趋势更为明显。有趣的是，只有男性在亚人群中显示出这些代谢物与胰岛素抵抗之间的显著相关性。一项中介分析显示，C 反应蛋白升高介导了 BCEP 与胰岛素抵抗之间 12.1%的关联，这表明炎症可能发挥了作用。总之，mOPFRs 与性别特异性脂肪分布和胰岛素抵抗有关，这代表了这些化学物质对男性的潜在风险。
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