短期计算机认知训练对阿尔茨海默病遗传风险高低的老年人群认知能力的影响：来自 START 随机对照试验的结果。
Impact of Short-Term Computerized Cognitive Training on Cognition in Older Adults With and Without Genetic Risk of Alzheimer's Disease: Outcomes From the START Randomized Controlled Trial.
机构信息
Department of Health and Community Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, UK.
出版信息
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2024 May;25(5):860-865. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.03.008. Epub 2024 Apr 17.
OBJECTIVES
To establish the impact of a 3-minute computerized cognitive training program (START) on cognition in older adults with and without genetic risk of Alzheimer's disease.
DESIGN
Two-arm randomized controlled trial of the START program.
SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS
Remote online trial in adults older than 50 taking part from home.
METHODS
The trial compared the START program with placebo in 6544 people older than 50. Primary outcome was executive function measured through Trailmaking B, with other secondary cognitive measures. Genetic risk profile and ApoE4 status were determined by Illumina Array.
RESULTS
START conferred benefit to executive function, attention, memory, and a composite measure, including in people with the ApoE4 genotype.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
The 3-minute START task offers a means of supporting cognitive health in older adults and could be used at scale and within a precision medicine approach to reduce risk of cognitive decline in a targeted way.
目的
评估 3 分钟计算机认知训练程序（START）对阿尔茨海默病遗传风险高低的老年人群认知能力的影响。
设计
START 程序的两臂随机对照试验。
地点和参与者
来自家中的 50 岁以上成年人远程在线试验。
方法
该试验比较了 6544 名 50 岁以上参与者中 START 程序与安慰剂的效果。主要结果是通过 Trailmaking B 测试来衡量执行功能，同时还有其他次要认知措施。通过 Illumina Array 确定遗传风险概况和 ApoE4 状态。
结果
START 对执行功能、注意力、记忆力和综合指标均有益，包括 ApoE4 基因型的人群。
结论和意义
3 分钟的 START 任务为老年人群提供了一种支持认知健康的方法，可大规模使用，并采用精准医学方法有针对性地降低认知能力下降的风险。
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