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胫骨平台骨折后的患者报告结局:对膝关节功能和活动水平的中短期影响

Patient-Reported Outcomes following Tibial Plateau Fractures: Mid- to Short-Term Implications for Knee Function and Activity Level.

作者信息

Neidlein Claas, Watrinet Julius, Pätzold Robert, Berthold Daniel P, Prall Wolf Christian, Böcker Wolfgang, Holzapfel Boris Michael, Fürmetz Julian, Bormann Markus

机构信息

Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.

Department of Trauma Surgery, Trauma Center Murnau, Professor-Küntscher-Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany.

出版信息

J Clin Med. 2024 Apr 17;13(8):2327. doi: 10.3390/jcm13082327.

Abstract

: Patients with complex proximal tibial plateau fractures (TPFs) tend to overestimate the prognosis of their injury, potentially due to factors such as a limited understanding, optimism, and the influence of the pain intensity. Understanding the reasons behind this misperception is crucial for healthcare providers to effectively communicate with patients and establish realistic expectations for treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes of TPFs, with a particular focus on patient-reported outcome measures concerning functional recovery, pain levels, and overall satisfaction with treatment. The authors aim to provide valuable insights into the realistic expectations and potential limitations that patients may encounter during their recovery journey. : In this retrospective single-center study, all surgically treated TPFs between January 2014 and December 2019 with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were included. Several patient-reported outcome measures were obtained, including the International Knee documentation Committee Score (IKDC), Lyholm score, Tegner score, and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Fractures were classified according to Schatzker, and then subgrouped into simple (Schatzker I-III) and complex (Schatzker IV-VI) fractures. : A total of 54 patients (mean age 51.1 ± 11.9 years, 59.3% female) with a mean follow-up time of 3.9 years were included. Schatzker II fractures were present in 48% ( = 26) of the cases, with Schatzker III in 6% ( = 3), Schatzker IV fractures in 6% ( = 3), and Schatker VI fractures in 41% ( = 22) of the cases. All outcome scores showed a significant improvement between the first year after surgery and the last follow-up (mean: 3.9 years). Simple fractures showed significantly lower patient-reported outcomes when compared to the preinjury state; however, good to excellent results were observed. Patient-reported outcomes of complex fractures showed no significant changes in the study period with good to excellent results. When it comes to the Lysholm score, there were no significant differences in the outcome between simple and complex fractures. Furthermore, there was a return-to-sports rate of 100%, with high rates of changing sporting activity in 25% (simple fractures) and 45% in complex fractures. : The data from this study showed that both simple and complex tibial plateau fractures show favorable outcomes at the midterm follow-up, and that injury severity does not correlate with worse results. While patients may tend to overestimate the recovery speed, this research highlights the importance of long-term follow-up, demonstrating a substantial improvement between one year post-surgery and the final evaluation. Return-to-sports rates were high, with adjustments needed for certain activities. However, patients should recognize the need to shift to lower-impact sports and the lengthy recovery process.

摘要

复杂胫骨近端平台骨折(TPF)患者往往高估其损伤的预后,这可能是由于理解有限、乐观心态以及疼痛强度的影响等因素所致。了解这种误解背后的原因对于医疗保健提供者与患者有效沟通并建立对治疗结果的现实期望至关重要。本研究的目的是分析TPF的治疗结果,特别关注患者报告的有关功能恢复、疼痛水平和对治疗总体满意度的结果指标。作者旨在为患者在康复过程中可能遇到的现实期望和潜在限制提供有价值的见解。

在这项回顾性单中心研究中,纳入了2014年1月至2019年12月期间所有接受手术治疗且至少随访12个月的TPF患者。获得了多项患者报告的结果指标,包括国际膝关节文献委员会评分(IKDC)、Lyholm评分、Tegner评分以及疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)。骨折根据Schatzker分类,然后分为简单骨折(Schatzker I-III型)和复杂骨折(Schatzker IV-VI型)。

共纳入54例患者(平均年龄51.1±11.9岁,59.3%为女性),平均随访时间为3.9年。48%(n = 26)的病例为Schatzker II型骨折,6%(n = 3)为Schatzker III型骨折,6%(n = 3)为Schatzker IV型骨折,41%(n = 22)的病例为Schatker VI型骨折。所有结果评分在术后第一年和最后一次随访(平均:3.9年)之间均有显著改善。与受伤前状态相比,简单骨折患者报告的结果明显较低;然而,观察到了良好至优秀的结果。复杂骨折患者报告的结果在研究期间无显著变化,结果良好至优秀。就Lysholm评分而言,简单骨折和复杂骨折的结果无显著差异。此外,恢复运动率为100%,简单骨折患者中有25%、复杂骨折患者中有45%的运动活动发生了很大变化。

本研究数据表明,简单和复杂胫骨平台骨折在中期随访时均显示出良好的结果,且损伤严重程度与较差结果无关。虽然患者可能倾向于高估恢复速度,但本研究强调了长期随访的重要性,显示出术后一年至最终评估之间有显著改善。恢复运动率很高,某些活动需要进行调整。然而,患者应认识到需要转向低冲击力运动以及漫长的康复过程。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ce33/11051425/81d0af36f7b3/jcm-13-02327-g001.jpg

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