Morbée Sofie, Haerens Leen, Soenens Bart, Thys Joke, Vansteenkiste Maarten
Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium.
Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium.
Psychol Sport Exerc. 2024 Jul;73:102655. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102655. Epub 2024 Apr 25.
Grounded in Self-Determination Theory, this game-to-game study among Flemish volleyball coaches and athletes had two primary objectives. First, we examined how variations in need-supportive and need-thwarting coaching styles related to variations in athletes' basic psychological needs, motivation, and coach-rated performance. Second, we examined whether athletes who perceived their coach as need-thwarting during a specific game would experience different outcomes based on the overall need-supportive or need-thwarting coaching style they encountered across games. Linear mixed modeling on data from 190 elite volleyball athletes (M = 23.95, 32.6 % male) and their 26 coaches (M = 48.12, 95.7 % male) indicated positive associations between game-specific need-supportive coaching and athletes' reports of game-specific basic psychological need experiences and motivation, as well as coach-rated performance, whereas game-specific need-thwarting coaching showed opposite trends. Athlete perceptions of a coaching style were more predictive of the outcomes than coach perceptions. Second, the lack of systematic cross-level interactions between game-specific coaching and team-level coaching indicated that the observed correlates of game-specific need-thwarting and need-supportive coaching hold regardless of the perceived overall need-thwarting or need-supportive style of the coach across games.
基于自我决定理论，这项针对弗拉芒排球教练和运动员的逐场研究有两个主要目标。首先，我们研究了支持需求型和阻碍需求型教练风格的差异如何与运动员的基本心理需求、动机以及教练评定的表现差异相关。其次，我们研究了在特定比赛中认为教练阻碍需求的运动员，基于他们在多场比赛中遇到的总体支持需求型或阻碍需求型教练风格，是否会经历不同的结果。对190名精英排球运动员（平均年龄M = 23.95岁，男性占32.6%）及其26名教练（平均年龄M = 48.12岁，男性占95.7%）的数据进行的线性混合建模表明，特定比赛中支持需求型教练行为与运动员关于特定比赛基本心理需求体验和动机的报告以及教练评定的表现之间存在正相关，而特定比赛中阻碍需求型教练行为则呈现相反趋势。运动员对教练风格的认知比教练自己的认知更能预测结果。其次，特定比赛教练行为与团队层面教练行为之间缺乏系统性的跨层次交互作用，这表明无论教练在多场比赛中被认为总体上是阻碍需求型还是支持需求型，特定比赛中阻碍需求型和支持需求型教练行为的观察到的相关关系都成立。
