Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 20083, China.
College of International Business, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 20083, China.
Cereb Cortex. 2024 Apr 1;34(4). doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhae171.
Observational ostracism, as a form of social exclusion, can significantly affect human behavior. However, the effects of observed ostracism on risky and ambiguous decision-making and the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. This event-related potential study investigated these issues by involving participants in a wheel-of- fortune task, considering observed ostracism and inclusion contexts. The results showed that the cue-P3 component was more enhanced during the choice phase for risky decisions than for ambiguous decisions in the observed inclusion contexts but not in the observed ostracism contexts. During the outcome evaluation phase, feedback-related negativity amplitudes following both risky and ambiguous decisions were higher in the no-gain condition than in the gain condition in the observed inclusion context. In contrast, this effect was only observed following risky decisions in the observed ostracism context. The feedback-P3 component did not exhibit an observed ostracism effect in risky and ambiguous decision-making tasks. Risk levels further modulated the cue-P3 and feedback-related negativity components, while ambiguity levels further modulated the feedback-P3 components. These findings demonstrate a neural dissociation between risk and ambiguity decision-making during observed ostracism that unfolds from the choice phase to the outcome evaluation phase.
观察性排斥作为一种社会排斥形式，会显著影响人类行为。然而，观察性排斥对风险和模糊决策的影响，以及潜在的神经机制仍不清楚。本事件相关电位研究通过涉及参与者参与轮盘赌任务，考察了在观察性排斥和包容情境下的这些问题。结果表明，在观察性包容情境下，风险决策的选择阶段比模糊决策的 cue-P3 成分更为增强，但在观察性排斥情境下并非如此。在结果评价阶段，在观察性包容情境下，无收益条件下的反馈相关负波幅度在风险和模糊决策后均高于收益条件下。相比之下，这种效应仅在观察性排斥情境下的风险决策后观察到。风险决策和模糊决策任务中的反馈-P3 成分没有观察到排斥效应。风险水平进一步调节 cue-P3 和反馈相关负波成分，而模糊水平进一步调节反馈-P3 成分。这些发现表明，在观察性排斥期间，风险和模糊决策存在神经分离，从选择阶段扩展到结果评价阶段。
