Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weil Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
Semin Nucl Med. 2024 May;54(3):438-455. doi: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.03.003. Epub 2024 Apr 30.
Molecular imaging has emerged as an integral part of oncologic imaging. Given the physiologic changes that precede anatomic changes, molecular imaging can enable early detection of disease and monitoring of response. [18F] Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron emission tomography (PET) is the predominant molecular imaging modality used in oncologic assessment and can be performed using PET/CT or PET/MR. In pediatric patients, PET/MRI imaging is generally preferred due to low radiation exposure and PET/MRI is particularly advantageous for imaging musculoskeletal (MSK) diseases, as MRI provides superior characterization of tissue changes as compared to CT. In this article, we provide an overview of the typical role of PET CT/MRI in assessment of some common pediatric malignancies and benign MSK diseases with case examples. We also discuss the relative advantages of PET/MRI compared to PET/CT, and review published data with a primary focus on the use of PET/MR.
分子成像已成为肿瘤成像的一个组成部分。鉴于解剖变化之前存在生理变化，分子成像可以实现疾病的早期检测和反应监测。[18F]氟脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）正电子发射断层扫描（PET）是肿瘤评估中使用的主要分子成像方式，可使用 PET/CT 或 PET/MR 进行。在儿科患者中，由于辐射暴露低，通常更喜欢使用 PET/MRI 成像，并且 PET/MRI 对于成像肌肉骨骼（MSK）疾病特别有利，因为与 CT 相比，MRI 提供了对组织变化的更好描述。在本文中，我们通过病例示例提供了 PET CT/MRI 在评估一些常见儿科恶性肿瘤和良性 MSK 疾病中的典型作用概述。我们还讨论了 PET/MRI 与 PET/CT 相比的相对优势，并回顾了主要侧重于使用 PET/MR 的已发表数据。
