Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Nelson Mandela University, University Way, Summerstrand, Gqeberha, South Africa.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing Science, Nelson Mandela University, University Way, Summerstrand, Gqeberha, South Africa.
PLoS One. 2024 May 2;19(5):e0301464. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301464. eCollection 2024.
Preventive chemotherapy by mass drug administration is globally recommended as the primary method of reaching the elimination of schistosomiasis, especially in the high risk-paediatric population. This systematic review provides a summary of the effects of paediatric schistosomiasis control programs on eliminating schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EBSCOhost, and other databases to obtain studies regarding the effects of paediatric schistosomiasis control programmes in sub-Saharan Africa. 3455 studies were screened for eligibility, included articles reported on both paediatrics control programmes and schistosomiasis, and articles were excluded when they did not report on schistosomiasis control programmes in paediatrics exclusively. 40 selected studies were critically appraised using the JBI critical appraisal tools for relevance and 30 studies were included in the study. An in-depth quantitative descriptive analysis was conducted, and a comprehensive narrative summary explained the results within the scope of the review questions. The results show that despite preventive chemotherapy lowering schistosomiasis prevalence, chances of re-infection are high in endemic areas. Preventive chemotherapy without complementary interventions including safe water provision and proper sanitation, snail control and health education on the aetiology of schistosomiasis, transmission pattern and control practices might not eliminate schistosomiasis.
群体药物给药的预防性化疗被全球推荐作为消除血吸虫病的主要方法，特别是在高风险的儿科人群中。本系统评价总结了在撒哈拉以南非洲开展儿科血吸虫病控制规划对消除血吸虫病的效果。在 PubMed、EBSCOhost 和其他数据库中进行了系统搜索，以获取关于撒哈拉以南非洲儿科血吸虫病控制规划效果的研究。对 3455 项研究进行了筛选，以确定其是否符合资格，纳入的文章报告了儿科控制规划和血吸虫病，当文章未专门报告儿科血吸虫病控制规划时则将其排除在外。使用 JBI 相关性批判性评估工具对 40 项选定的研究进行了批判性评估，其中 30 项研究被纳入研究。进行了深入的定量描述性分析，并在审查问题的范围内通过全面的叙述性总结解释了结果。结果表明，尽管预防性化疗降低了血吸虫病的患病率，但在流行地区再次感染的机会仍然很高。没有补充干预措施，包括安全供水和适当的卫生设施、钉螺控制和关于血吸虫病病因、传播模式和控制措施的健康教育，可能无法消除血吸虫病。
