Huang Zeqi, Yao Shaonuan, Zou Lin, Xie Weixian, Xie Dongde, Li Weiwei, Tan Deyou, Shuai Jiangang
Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China.
Department of Medical Records, The Second People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Apr 17;15:1376141. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1376141. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and presence of licensed HPV vaccine genotypes among patients with genital warts in Foshan, China from 2015 to 2022, to provide useful references for the detection, prevention and control of genital warts in Foshan.
The present study retrospectively analyzed the HPV detection rates in patients with genital warts. A total of 1,625 patients were seen at the Second People's Hospital of Foshan, Guangdong Province, China, from 2015 to 2022. Samples were collected from various lesions and genotyped for 21 genotypes of HPV by infusion hybridization. The classification principle of HPV genotypes in this study: (1) Based on the relationship between HPV and carcinogenicity; (2) Based on the number of HPV genotypes infected; (3) Based on the HPV genotypes of licensed HPV vaccines.
The detection rate of any HPV in patients with genital warts was 80.37% (1,306/1,625). The detection rates of HPV for low-risk infection, co-infection and high-risk infection were 49.48% (804/1,625), 24.92% (405/1,625) and 5.97% (97/1,625), respectively. Single infection was the predominant type (51.94%, 844/1625). HPV-6 and HPV-11 were the predominant types of single infection; HPV-6 and HPV-52 were the predominant types of paired combinations of multiple infection. 82.22% (1,336/1,625) of the cases had an age distribution of ≤ 24, 25-34, and 35-44. The distribution of some HPV genotypes had age specificity, annual specificity and gender specificity. The genotype detection rates of 2v, 4v and 9v showed a decreasing trend with ages (all < 0.05). The genotype detection rates of 4v and 9v showed a decreasing trend over the 8-year period (both < 0.05). The genotype detection rates of 4v and 9v in the male group were higher than those in the female group (both < 0.05). The genotype detection rate of 9v was significantly higher than that of 2v and 4v in the female group (both < 0.05).
Our study demonstrated that low-risk infection and single infection were the main types of HPV infection in patients with genital warts, mainly among young patients. Our study provides epidemiological data for the detection, prevention and control of genital warts in China.
本研究旨在评估2015年至2022年中国佛山尖锐湿疣患者中人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染率及已获批HPV疫苗基因型的存在情况，为佛山尖锐湿疣的检测、预防和控制提供有用参考。
本研究回顾性分析了尖锐湿疣患者的HPV检测率。2015年至2022年期间，广东省佛山市第二人民医院共诊治1625例患者。从各种病变部位采集样本，采用液相杂交法对21种HPV基因型进行基因分型。本研究中HPV基因型的分类原则：（1）基于HPV与致癌性的关系；（2）基于感染的HPV基因型数量；（3）基于已获批HPV疫苗的HPV基因型。
尖锐湿疣患者中任何HPV的检测率为80.37%（1306/1625）。低风险感染、合并感染和高风险感染的HPV检测率分别为49.48%（804/1625）、24.92%（405/1625）和5.97%（97/1625）。单一感染是主要类型（51.94%，844/1625）。HPV-6和HPV-11是单一感染的主要类型；HPV-6和HPV-52是多重感染配对组合的主要类型。82.22%（1336/1625）的病例年龄分布在≤24岁、25 - 34岁和35 - 44岁。部分HPV基因型的分布具有年龄特异性、年度特异性和性别特异性。2v、4v和9v的基因型检测率随年龄增长呈下降趋势（均P<0.05）。4v和9v的基因型检测率在8年期间呈下降趋势（均P<0.05）。男性组中4v和9v的基因型检测率高于女性组（均P<0.05）。女性组中9v的基因型检测率显著高于2v和4v（均P<0.05）。
我们的研究表明，低风险感染和单一感染是尖锐湿疣患者HPV感染的主要类型，主要发生在年轻患者中。我们的研究为中国尖锐湿疣的检测、预防和控制提供了流行病学数据。
