川崎病患儿冠状动脉病变：现状与护理
Coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease: status quo and nursing care.
作者信息
Chen Cen, Chen Qiuhui, Zhang Tong, Ling Yanping
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
出版信息
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2024 Apr 22;11:1272475. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1272475. eCollection 2024.
AIM
Coronary artery lesion (CAL) is a common yet serious complication in children with Kawasaki disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influencing factors of CAL in children with Kawasaki disease, to provide reference for the clinical treatment and care of children with Kawasaki disease.
DESIGN
A retrospective cohort study.
METHODS
Children with Kawasaki disease treated in a tertiary hospital in China between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2022 were selected. The characteristics and clinical data of children with Kawasaki disease were analyzed. Spearman's correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between CAL and the characteristics of children with Kawasaki disease. A logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of CAL in children with Kawasaki disease.
RESULTS
In total, 185 children with Kawasaki disease were included; the incidence of CAL in children with Kawasaki disease was 18.38%. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that gender ( = 0.504), age ( = 0.611), duration of fever ≥10 days ( = 0.579), hemoglobin (Hb) ( = 0.623), and C-reactive protein (CRP) ( = 0.558) were all correlated with the CAL in children with Kawasaki disease (all < 0.05). Logistic regression analyses showed that male [odds ratio (OR) = 2.543, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.801-3.077, = 0.040], age ≤2 years (OR = 3.002, 95% CI: 2.744-3.641, = 0.012), duration of fever ≥10 days (OR = 2.089, 95% CI: 1.624-2.515, = 0.028), Hb ≤105 g/L (OR = 1.914, 95% CI: 1.431-2.406, = 0.013), and CRP ≥100 mg/L (OR = 2.168, 95% CI: 1.893-2.531, = 0.035) were the risk factors of CAL in children with Kawasaki disease (all < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of CAL in children with Kawasaki disease is high and there are many related risk factors. Clinical medical workers should take early warning and carry out interventions and nursing care according to these risk factors to improve the prognosis of children with Kawasaki disease.
目的
冠状动脉病变（CAL）是川崎病患儿常见且严重的并发症。本研究旨在评估川崎病患儿CAL的影响因素，为川崎病患儿的临床治疗与护理提供参考。
设计
一项回顾性队列研究。
方法
选取2021年1月1日至2022年12月31日在中国一家三级医院接受治疗的川崎病患儿。分析川崎病患儿的特征及临床资料。采用Spearman相关性分析评估CAL与川崎病患儿特征之间的关系。运用逻辑回归分析来分析川崎病患儿CAL的影响因素。
结果
共纳入185例川崎病患儿；川崎病患儿CAL的发生率为18.38%。Pearson相关性分析显示，性别（r = 0.504）、年龄（r = 0.611）、发热持续时间≥10天（r = 0.579）、血红蛋白（Hb）（r = 0.623）和C反应蛋白（CRP）（r = 0.558）均与川崎病患儿的CAL相关（均P < 0.05）。逻辑回归分析显示，男性[比值比（OR）= 2.543，95%置信区间（CI）：1.801 - 3.077，P = 0.040]、年龄≤2岁（OR = 3.002，95% CI：2.744 - 3.641，P = 0.012）、发热持续时间≥10天（OR = 2.089，95% CI：1.624 - 2.515，P = 0.028）、Hb≤105 g/L（OR = 1.914，95% CI：1.431 - 2.406，P = 0.013）以及CRP≥100 mg/L（OR = 2.168，95% CI：1.893 - 2.531，P = 0.035）是川崎病患儿CAL的危险因素（均P < 0.05）。
结论
川崎病患儿CAL的发生率较高且存在诸多相关危险因素。临床医护人员应进行早期预警，并根据这些危险因素开展干预及护理，以改善川崎病患儿的预后。
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