Li Haokun, Hu Xinyu, Geng Xinze, Xiao Bo, Miao Wei, Xu Zhiguang, Deng Yizhuo, Jiang Bohan, Hou Yuping
College of Life Sciences Ludong University Yantai China.
Analysis and Testing Center Ludong University Yantai China.
Ecol Evol. 2024 May 14;14(5):e11425. doi: 10.1002/ece3.11425. eCollection 2024 May.
Understanding the relationship between plant diversity and invasibility is essential in invasion ecology. Species-rich communities are hypothesized to be more resistant to invasions than species-poor communities. However, while soil microorganisms play a crucial role in regulating this diversity-invasibility relationship, the effects of plant competition mode and soil nutrient status on their role remain unclear. To address this, we conducted a two-stage greenhouse experiment. Soils were first conditioned by growing nine native species separately in them for 1 year, then mixed in various configurations with soils conditioned using one, three, or six species, respectively. Next, we inoculated the mixed soil into sterilized substrate soil and planted the alien species and native species as test plants. We set up two competition modes (intraspecific and interspecific) and two nutrient levels (fertilization using slow-release fertilizer and nonfertilization). Under intraspecific competition, regardless of fertilization, the biomass of the alien species was higher in soil conditioned by six native species. By contrast, under interspecific competition, the biomass increased without fertilization but remained stable with fertilization in soil conditioned by six native species. Analysis of soil microbes suggests that pathogens and symbiotic fungi in diverse plant communities influenced growth, which varied with competition mode and nutrient status. Our findings suggest that the soil microbiome is pivotal in mediating the diversity-invasibility relationship, and this influence varies according to competition mode and nutrient status.
了解植物多样性与可入侵性之间的关系在入侵生态学中至关重要。据推测，物种丰富的群落比物种贫乏的群落对入侵具有更强的抵抗力。然而，尽管土壤微生物在调节这种多样性 - 可入侵性关系中起着关键作用，但植物竞争模式和土壤养分状况对其作用的影响仍不清楚。为了解决这个问题，我们进行了一个两阶段的温室实验。首先，让9种本地物种分别在土壤中生长1年以对土壤进行预处理，然后将这些土壤分别与用1种、3种或6种物种预处理过的土壤以各种组合方式混合。接下来，我们将混合后的土壤接种到灭菌的基质土壤中，并种植外来物种和本地物种作为测试植物。我们设置了两种竞争模式（种内竞争和种间竞争）以及两种养分水平（使用缓释肥料施肥和不施肥）。在种内竞争下，无论是否施肥，外来物种在由6种本地物种预处理过的土壤中的生物量都更高。相比之下，在种间竞争下，不施肥时生物量增加，而在由6种本地物种预处理过的土壤中施肥时生物量保持稳定。对土壤微生物的分析表明，不同植物群落中的病原体和共生真菌影响了[未明确指出的对象]的生长，这种影响随竞争模式和养分状况而变化。我们的研究结果表明，土壤微生物群落在介导多样性 - 可入侵性关系中起着关键作用，并且这种影响会根据竞争模式和养分状况而有所不同。
