基于2-(2'-羟基苯基)-3,3'-二甲基吲哚(HDMI)支架的激发态质子转移荧光团的实验与理论理解

Experimental and theoretical comprehension of ESIPT fluorophores based on a 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3'-dimethylindole (HDMI) scaffold.

作者信息

Stoerkler Timothée, Ulrich Gilles, Retailleau Pascal, Laurent Adèle D, Jacquemin Denis, Massue Julien

机构信息

Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), Equipe Chimie Organique pour la Biologie, les Matériaux et l'Optique (COMBO), UMR CNRS 7515, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM) 25 Rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02 France

Service de Cristallographie Structurale, ICSN-CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, Bât. 27 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France.

出版信息

Chem Sci. 2024 Apr 16;15(19):7206-7218. doi: 10.1039/d4sc01937g. eCollection 2024 May 15.

Abstract

Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT) emission is associated with intense single or multiple fluorescence in the solid-state, along with enhanced photostability and sensitivity to the close environment. As a result, ESIPT probes are attractive candidates for ratiometric sensing of a variety of substrates. A new family of ESIPT fluorophores is described herein, inspired by the well-known 2-(2'hydroxyphenyl)benzazole (HBX) organic scaffold. The connection of 3,3'-dimethylindole (or 3-indole) derivatives with phenol rings triggers the formation of novel 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3'-dimethylindole (HDMI) fluorophores, capable of stimuli-responsive ESIPT emission. This brand new family of dyes displays redshifted emission, as compared to HBX, along with an unprecedented acid/base-mediated stabilization of different rotamers, owing to supramolecular interactions with methyl groups. These compounds are therefore highly sensitive to external stimuli, such as the presence of acid or base, where protonated and deprotonated species have specific optical signatures. Moreover, a new pyridine-functionalized HDMI dye displays acid-sensitive AIE properties. The photophysical properties of all compounds have also been studied using calculations to support experiments in deciphering the nature of the various radiative transitions observed and the related excited rotameric species.

摘要

激发态分子内质子转移(ESIPT)发射与固态下强烈的单重或多重荧光相关,同时具有增强的光稳定性和对周围环境的敏感性。因此,ESIPT探针是用于多种底物比例传感的有吸引力的候选物。本文描述了一类新的ESIPT荧光团,其灵感来自著名的2-(2'-羟基苯基)苯并唑(HBX)有机骨架。3,3'-二甲基吲哚(或3-吲哚)衍生物与酚环的连接引发了新型2-(2'-羟基苯基)-3,3'-二甲基吲哚(HDMI)荧光团的形成,该荧光团能够产生刺激响应性ESIPT发射。与HBX相比,这个全新的染料家族表现出红移发射,并且由于与甲基的超分子相互作用,不同旋转异构体出现了前所未有的酸/碱介导的稳定化。因此,这些化合物对外部刺激(如酸或碱的存在)高度敏感,其中质子化和去质子化的物种具有特定的光学特征。此外,一种新的吡啶功能化HDMI染料表现出酸敏性聚集诱导发光(AIE)特性。还使用计算研究了所有化合物的光物理性质,以支持实验来解释观察到的各种辐射跃迁的性质以及相关的激发旋转异构体。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e31f/11095508/3d28203e8dda/d4sc01937g-f1.jpg

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